Process for forming a protective coating containing aluminium on the surface of a nickel-based superalloy in which the nickel-based superalloy and a non-gaseous precursor containing aluminium are placed in contact, at a treatment temperature sufficient for stoichiometric coating, with a reducing or inert atmosphere containing an active gas which reacts with the precursor to form a gaseous aluminium compound which decomposes on contact with the nickel-based superalloy depositing aluminium metal thereon, characterised in that the reducing or inert atmosphere contains a gaseous compound of a modifier metal which decomposes on contact with the nickel-based superalloy and deposits the modifier metal thereon simultaneously with the deposition of aluminium, wherein the gaseous compound of the modifier metal is zirconium oxychloride such that zirconium metal is deposited simultaneously with the deposition of aluminum.