Process for producing monolithic film of integrated highly oriented halogenated graphene sheets or molecules

A process for producing an integrated layer of highly oriented halogenated graphene sheets or molecules, said process comprising:

• (a) preparing either a graphene oxide dispersion having graphene oxide sheets dispersed in a fluid medium or a graphene oxide gel having graphene oxide molecules dissolved in a fluid medium, wherein said graphene oxide sheets or graphene oxide molecules contain an oxygen amount 5% by weight to 46% by weight;
• (b) introducing a halogenating agent into said graphene oxide dispersion or gel and effecting a chemical reaction between said halogenating agent and said graphene oxide sheets or molecules to form a dispersion of halogenated graphene sheets or a gel of halogenated graphene molecules, wherein said halogenated graphene sheets or molecules have a chemical formula of C6ZxOy, wherein Z is a halogen element selected from F, Cl, Br, I, or a combination thereof, x=0.01 to 6.0, y=0 to 5.0, and x+y<6.0;
• (c) dispensing and depositing a layer of said halogenated graphene dispersion or gel onto a surface of a supporting substrate under a shear stress condition, wherein said dispensing and depositing procedure includes shear-induced thinning of said halogenated graphene dispersion or gel and shear-induced orientation of halogenated graphene sheets or molecules, to form a wet layer of halogenated graphene on said supporting substrate;
• and
• (d) removing said fluid medium from the wet layer of halogenated graphene to form said integrated layer of halogenated graphene having an inter-planar spacing d002 of 0.35 nm to 1.2 nm as determined by X-ray diffraction.