Non-precious metal based water electrolysis catalyst for oxygen evolution at anode and hydrogen evolution at cathode and preparation method of the same

A non-precious metal based water electrolysis catalyst represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 for evolution of hydrogen and oxygen at a cathode and anode, respectively, the catalyst comprising a cobalt-containing compound fixed to a carbon carrier:

• CoX/C [Chemical Formula 1]
• wherein X is at least one selected from the group consisting of P, O, B, S and N,
• wherein the cobalt-containing compound is nanoparticles surrounded with an amorphous layer having a thickness of 0.1-7 nm, and the amorphous layer comprises Co, X and O.