Optical imaging writer system

A parallel imaging writer system, comprising:

• a plurality of spatial light modulator (SLM) imaging units,
• wherein each of the plurality of SLM imaging units includes one or more illumination sources, one or more alignment sources, one or more projection lenses, a plurality of micro mirrors configured to project light from the one or more illumination sources to the corresponding one or more projection lens, a first camera sensor configured to observe defocus of a substrate on-the-fly, a first motor, a first refractive disk, and a first optical path difference (OPD) modifier, wherein the first camera sensor, the first motor, the first refractive disk, and the first OPD modifier are configured to adjust focus of the first camera sensor to the substrate on-the-fly;
• and
• a controller configured to control the plurality of SLM imaging units, and the controller synchronizes movements of the plurality of SLM imaging units with movement of the substrate in writing a mask data to the substrate in a lithography manufacturing process.