Particle concentration system

A particle concentrating system, comprising:

• (a) a first electrode having a high aspect ratio, wherein the first electrode comprises a shaft having a shaft latitudinal dimension and a distal end having a distal latitudinal dimension, wherein the distal latitudinal dimension is from one nanometer to one millimeter;
• (b) an actuator configured to immerse and withdraw the first electrode from the first liquid such that a capillary force formed between the withdrawing first electrode and the first liquid immobilizes the first particle on a surface of the first electrode;
• and
• (c) an electric signal generator configured to generate an electrically induced force through the first electrode such that when the first electrode is immersed in a first liquid, a first particle in the first liquid is preferentially urged toward the first electrode.