Apparatus, system, and method for aftertreatment control and diagnostics

An apparatus, comprising:

• a number of optical sensors structured to determine an amount of an exhaust gas constituent in an exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine during the operation of the internal combustion engine, wherein the number of optical sensors are spatially distributed along the exhaust stream to detect the amount of the exhaust gas constituent along the exhaust stream, the exhaust gas constituent comprising an amount of urea;
• and
• a controller including a computer processor and a computer readable memory including computer readable code, wherein when the computer readable code is executed by the computer processor it causes the controller to:
• determine an aftertreatment component diagnosis in response to the amount of urea along the exhaust stream;
• and
• modify a urea hydrolysis model to adjust an engine operating parameter in response to the aftertreatment component diagnosis,
• wherein the aftertreatment component diagnosis comprises at least one of a urea accumulation condition, a urea mal-distribution condition, a urea injector failure condition, and a urea hydrolysis failure condition.

An apparatus, comprising:

• an optical sensor structured to determine an amount of an exhaust gas constituent in an exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine during the operation of the internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas constituent comprising an amount of ammonia and an amount of NOx;
• and
• a controller including a computer processor and a computer readable memory including computer readable code, wherein when the computer readable code is executed by the computer processor it causes the controller to:
• determine a component performance description in response to the amount of the exhaust gas constituent determined by the optical sensor, wherein the component performance description includes an ammonia:NOx ratio;
• and
• modify at least one of a catalyst NOx storage model and a catalyst NOx conversion model of a NOx conversion catalyst in response to an actual NOx storage rate based on the amount of NOx determined by the optical sensor and the ammonia:NOx ratio to adjust an engine operating parameter in response to the component performance description,
• and wherein the engine operating parameter comprises a urea injection rate.