Nanostructured superhydrophobic, superoleophobic and/or superomniphobic coatings, methods for fabrication, and applications thereof

A method of making an article, comprising:

• forming a metal coating on a glass substrate;
• annealing the metal coating to form balled-up metal islands;
• coating over the balled-up metal islands with a protective layer including sputter deposition of Ti/Au over the balled-up metal islands while leaving corner regions between the balled-up metal islands and the glass substrate open to chemical etching to selectively protect at least a portion of the balled up metal islands and at least a portion of the glass substrate from etching;
• and
• etching the glass substrate using the balled-up metal islands as a mask to form a plurality of glass nanowires to provide the article having a contact angle with water droplet that is greater than about 140 degrees.