Manganese oxide thin film and oxide laminate

A manganese oxide thin film formed on a plane of a substrate, comprising:

• a substrate;
• and
• a manganese oxide thin film formed on a plane of the substrate and having a composition represented by composition formula RMnO3, where R is at least two trivalent rare earth elements selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy,
• wherein an atomic layer containing an element R and not containing Mn, and an atomic layer containing Mn and not containing the element R are alternately stacked along a stacking direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate and the manganese oxide thin film has two nonequivalent crystal axes along an in-plane direction of the plane of the substrate.

A manganese oxide thin film formed on a plane of a substrate, comprising:

• a substrate having a crystal lattice and a lattice constant;
• and
• a manganese oxide thin film formed on the substrate and having a composition represented by composition formula RMnO3, where R is at least one trivalent rare earth element selected from lanthanoids,
• wherein an atomic layer containing an element R and not containing Mn, and an atomic layer containing Mn and not containing the element R are alternately stacked along a stacking direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, the manganese oxide thin film has two nonequivalent crystal axes along an in-plane direction of the plane of the substrate, and the manganese oxide thin film has, as a bulk substance, a crystal lattice and a lattice constant defined by a cubic root of a unit cell volume of the crystal lattice such that the lattice constant of the manganese oxide thin film is lower than the lattice constant of the crystal lattice of the substrate.

An oxide laminate, comprising:

• a substrate;
• a manganese oxide thin film formed on a plane of the substrate and having (a) a composition represented by composition formula RMnO3, where R is at least one trivalent rare earth element selected from lanthanoids, (b) an atomic layer containing an element R and not containing Mn, and an atomic layer containing Mn and not containing the element R which are alternately stacked along a stacking direction that is perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, and (c) two nonequivalent crystal axes along an in-plane direction of the plane of the substrate;
• and
• a strongly-correlated oxide thin film contiguous to the manganese oxide thin film,
• wherein the oxide laminate has a total thickness, t, the manganese oxide thin film has a thickness, tm, and the strongly-correlated oxide thin film has a thickness, t1, that satisfy a relation relative to a critical thickness, tc, under which the strongly-correlated oxide thin film has a metallic phase, as follows:
• t=tm+t1>tc
• and
• t1<tc.

An oxide laminate, comprising:

• a substrate;
• a manganese oxide thin film formed on a plane of the substrate and having (a) a composition represented by composition formula RMnO3, where R is at least one trivalent rare earth element selected from lanthanoids, (b) an atomic layer containing an element R and not containing Mn, and an atomic layer containing Mn and not containing the element R which are alternately stacked along a stacking direction that is perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, and (c) two nonequivalent crystal axes along an in-plane direction of the plane of the substrate;
• a first strongly-correlated oxide thin film contiguous to one surface of the manganese oxide thin film;
• and
• a second strongly-correlated oxide thin film that is contiguous to another surface of the manganese oxide thin film and that is comprised of the same material as that of the first strongly-correlated oxide thin film,
• wherein the oxide laminate has a total thickness, t, the manganese oxide thin film has a thickness, tm, and the first and second strongly-correlated oxide thin films have respective thicknesses, t1 and t2, that satisfy a relation relative to a critical thickness, tc, under which the strongly-correlated oxide thin films have a metallic phase:
• t=tm+t1+t2>tc
• and
• max(t1, t2)<tc,
• where max (t1, t2) is a function which returns a maximum value among variables.