Alkoxylated quaternary ammonium salts and fuels containing them
AssigneeAfton Chemical Corporation
InventorsXinngao Fang, Scott D. Schwab
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A fuel additive and its preparation for a engine, a fuel containing the additive, a fuel additive concentrate, a method for improving performance of fuel injectors and a method for cleaning fuel injectors for an engine. The fuel additive includes a quaternary ammonium salt derived from a reaction of a hydrocarbyl substituted anhydride, a tertiary amine and a hydroxyl-containing epoxide, wherein the tertiary amine is devoid of primary and secondary amino groups.
Claims15
A fuel additive for a fuel injected engine comprising a quaternary ammonium salt derived from a reaction of a hydrocarbyl substituted anhydride, a tertiary amine and a hydroxyl-containing epoxide selected from the group consisting of hydroxymethyl cyclohexene oxide, butanediol monoglycidyl ether, propanediol monoglycidyl ether, hexanediol monoglycidyl ether, cyclohexanedimethanol glycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane diglycidyl ether, glycerol diglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol triglycidyl ether, glycidol, 3-glycidyloxybenzyl alcohol, and combinations of two or more of the foregoing, wherein the tertiary amine is devoid of primary and secondary amino groups.
A method of improving the injector performance of a direct fuel injected engine comprising operating the engine on a fuel composition comprising a major amount of fuel and from about 5 to about 200 ppm by weight based on a total weight of the fuel composition of a quaternary ammonium salt derived from a reaction of a hydrocarbyl substituted anhydride, a tertiary amine and a hydroxyl-containing epoxide selected from the group consisting of hydroxymethyl cyclohexene oxide, butanediol monoglycidyl ether, propanediol monoglycidyl ether, hexanediol monoglycidyl ether, cyclohexanedimethanol glycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane diglycidyl ether, glycerol diglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol triglycidyl ether, glycidol, 3-glycidyloxybenzyl alcohol, and combinations of two or more of the foregoing, wherein the tertiary amine is devoid of primary and secondary amino groups.
A method of operating a direct fuel injected diesel engine comprising combusting in the engine a fuel composition comprising a major amount of fuel and from about 5 to about 200 ppm by weight based on a total weight of the fuel composition of a quaternary ammonium salt derived from a reaction of a hydrocarbyl substituted anhydride, a tertiary amine and a hydroxyl-containing epoxide selected from the group consisting of hydroxymethyl cyclohexene oxide, butanediol monoglycidyl ether, propanediol monoglycidyl ether, hexanediol monoglycidyl ether, cyclohexanedimethanol glycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane diglycidyl ether, glycerol diglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol triglycidyl ether, glycidol, 3-glycidyloxybenzyl alcohol, and combinations of two or more of the foregoing, wherein the tertiary amine is devoid of primary and secondary amino groups.
A method for making a quaternary ammonium salt for use as a fuel detergent comprising
- combining, as reactants, a hydrocarbyl substituted anhydride, a tertiary amine and a hydroxyl-containing epoxide selected from the group consisting of hydroxymethyl cyclohexene oxide, butanediol monoglycidyl ether, propanediol monoglycidyl ether, hexanediol monoglycidyl ether, cyclohexanedimethanol glycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane diglycidyl ether, glycerol diglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol triglycidyl ether, glycidol, 3-glycidyloxybenzyl alcohol, and combinations of two or more of the foregoing, and
- reacting the reactants under conditions sufficient to form a quaternary ammonium salt, wherein the tertiary amine is devoid of primary and secondary amino groups.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.