Probabilistic error correction in multi-bit-per-cell flash memory

A computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable code embodied on the computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable code for managing a memory that includes a plurality of multi-bit cells and wherein are stored a plurality of data bits, the data bits being stored by computing a plurality of parity bits that correspond to the data bits and then storing the data bits and the parity bits as stored bits in the cells of the memory, with a respective plurality of the stored bits being stored in each of the cells, the computer-readable code comprising:

• (a) program code for reading the cells, thereby obtaining, for each cell, a respective plurality of read bits;
• and
• (b) program code for correcting said read bits that correspond to the data bits in accordance with said read bits that correspond to the parity bits, wherein said correcting is effected in accordance with respective probabilities, of at least two of said read bits being erroneous, that are based at least in part on information obtained as a result of said reading, said information being confined to respective values of said read bits, wherein at least one said probability is different from at least one other said probability, wherein a respective probability of a bit read from a cell being erroneous depends solely on read values of one or more further bits read from the same cell, and wherein the respective probability is derived based on a number of threshold voltage shifts between the read values and one or more possible alternative values.

A computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable code embodied on the computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable code for managing a memory that includes a plurality of multi-bit cells and wherein are stored a plurality of data bits, the data bits being stored by computing a plurality of protected bits that correspond to the data bits and then storing the protected bits in the cells of the memory, with a respective plurality of the protected bits being stored in each of the cells, the computer-readable code comprising:

• (a) program code for reading the cells, thereby obtaining, for each cell, a respective plurality of read protected bits;
• and
• (b) program code for recovering the data bits from said read protected bits, wherein said recovering is effected in accordance with respective probabilities, of at least two of said read protected bits being erroneous, that are based at least in part on information obtained as a result of said reading, said information being confined to respective values of said read protected bits, wherein at least one said probability is different from at least one other said probability, wherein a respective probability of a protected bit read from a cell being erroneous depends solely on read values of one or more further protected bits read from the same cell, and wherein the respective probability is derived based on a number of threshold voltage shifts between the read values and one or more possible alternative values.

An apparatus comprising a memory, the memory comprising plurality of memory cells, wherein the apparatus is configured to read a plurality of data bits stored on the memory, the storing being effected by computing a plurality of parity bits that correspond to the data bits and then storing the data bits and the parity bits as stored bits in the cells of the memory, with a respective plurality of the stored bits being stored in each of the cells, by at least:

• (a) reading the cells, thereby obtaining, for each cell, a respective plurality of read bits;
• and
• (b) correcting said read bits that correspond to the data bits in accordance with said read bits that correspond to the parity bits, wherein said correcting is effected in accordance with respective probabilities, of at least two of said read bits being erroneous, that are based at least in part on information obtained as a result of said reading, said information being confined to respective values of said read bits, wherein at least one said probability is different from at least one other said probability, wherein a respective probability of a bit read from a cell being erroneous depends solely on read values of one or more further bits read from the same cell, and wherein the respective probability is derived based on a number of threshold voltage shifts between the read values and one or more possible alternative values.