Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising:

• a conductive support;
• a charge generation layer provided on the conductive support;
• and
• a charge transport layer which is provided on the charge generation layer, and wherein the charge transport layer is a surface layer,
• wherein the charge transport layer contains:
• the charge transport material;
• a polycarbonate resin A having a repeating structural unit represented by the following formula (1) or (101), a repeating structural unit represented by the following formula (2), and a repeating structural unit represented by the following formula (3);
• and
• at least one of a polyester resin C having a repeating structural unit represented by the following structural unit (C) and a polycarbonate resin D having a repeating structural unit represented by the following formula (D);
• the content of a siloxane moiety in the polycarbonate resin A is 10 to 40 percent by mass to the total mass of the polycarbonate resin A,
• the content of the repeating structural unit represented by the following formula (2) in the polycarbonate resin A is 5 to 50 percent by mass to the total mass of the polycarbonate resin A, and
• the charge transport layer has a matrix-domain structure including a matrix formed from the charge transport material and at least one of the polyester resin C and the polycarbonate resin D and domains formed in the matrix from the polycarbonate resin A,
• where in the formula (1), Y1 represents a single bond or a substituted or an unsubstituted alkylene group, and
• W1 and W2 independently represent a monovalent group represented by the following formula (a) or (b):
• where in the formulas (a) and (b), Z1 to Z3 independently represent a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Z4 and Z5 independently represent a substituted or an unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R41 to R47 independently represent a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or an unsubstituted aryl group, and n, m, and k independently represent the average repeat number of the structure in the parentheses, n is 10 to 150, and m+k is 10 to 150,
• where in the formula (101), R151 to R153 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or an unsubstituted aryl group, and W3 represents a monovalent group represented by the following formula (e) or (f):
• where in the formulas (e) and (f), Z101 to Z103 independently represent a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Z104 and Z105 independently represent a substituted or an unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R141 to R147 independently represent a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or an unsubstituted aryl group, and p, q, and s independently represent the average repeat number of the structure in the parentheses, p is 10 to 150, and q+s is 10 to 150,
• where in the formula (2), R1 to R8 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group, and Y5 represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom,
• where in the formula (3), R11 to R18 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group, and Y4 represents a single bond or a substituted or an unsubstituted alkylene group,
• where in the formula (C), R21 to R28 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group, X3 represents a substituted or an unsubstituted alkylene group, a substituted or an unsubstituted arylene group, a substituted or an unsubstituted biphenylene group, or a divalent group in which at least two phenylene groups are bonded to each other with an alkylene group or an oxygen atom interposed therebetween, and Y2 represents a single bond or a substituted or an unsubstituted alkylene group,
• where in the formula (D), R31 to R38 independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group, and Y3 represents a single bond, or a substituted or an unsubstituted alkylene group.