Residue conversion process that includes a deasphalting stage and a hydroconversion stage with recycling of deasphalted oil

A process for conversion of a feedstock containing crude oil or of a heavy hydrocarbon fraction that is obtained from atmospheric and/or vacuum distillation of a crude oil and that has an initial boiling point of at least 300° C., said process comprising:

• a) hydroconverting of at least one portion of said feedstock in the presence of hydrogen in at least one three-phase reactor, whereby said reactor contains at least one hydroconversion catalyst and operates in a boiling bed, with an upward flow of liquid and gas, and comprises at least one line capable of drawing off said catalyst outside of said reactor and at least one fresh catalyst make-up line in said reactor, under conditions that make it possible to obtain a liquid feedstock with a reduced content of Conradson carbon, metals, sulfur and nitrogen,
• b) separating of the effluent that is obtained from a) obtaining a light liquid fraction that boils at a temperature that is less than 300° C. and a heavy liquid fraction that boils at a temperature that is greater than 300° C.,
• c) deasphalting of at least one portion of the heavy liquid fraction that boils at a temperature that is greater than 300° C. obtained from b) obtaining a deasphalted hydrocarbon fraction and residual asphalt,
• said process being conducted without an intermediate atmospheric or vacuum distillation stage,
• d) recycling of at least one portion of deasphalted hydrocarbon that is obtained from c) and mixing with said feedstock upstream from the hydroconversion a).