Spiraling surface antenna

A substantially omni-directional antenna for wireless electromagnetic communications, the antenna comprising:

• a surface shaped to have a spiraling cross-section, the surface forming an internal cavity, the surface forming an internal channel to an external surface, the surface forming an internal wall common to the internal cavity and the internal channel, the internal wall having a longitudinal length and a longitudinal opening configured to allow radio frequency (RF) energy access to the internal channel, the surface having a cross-sectional shape, a width of the internal cavity being greater than a width of the internal channel such that in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal length, the antenna is omni-directional with a maximum to minimum gain variation within a pre-specified delta value and polarized parallel to the plane, a length of the antenna is based at least in part on a wavelength of a wireless signal configured to be transceived by the antenna;
• and
• an electrically conductive feed line positioned to feed the antenna at the internal wall, the feed line having a feed, the feed and the longitudinal opening being electrically coupled to induce an electric field along the longitudinal opening, the feed and the longitudinal opening being electrically coupled to each other via at least one of a conductive contact, an inductive coupling, or a capacitive coupling, the antenna being configured to transceive wireless signal polarized parallel to the plane.

A substantially omni-directional antenna for wireless electromagnetic communications, the antenna comprising:

• an electrically conductive surface having a spiraling cross-section, the surface forming an internal cavity, the surface forming an internal channel to an external surface, the surface forming an internal wall common to the internal cavity and the internal channel, the internal wall having a longitudinal length and a longitudinal opening configured to allow radio frequency (RF) energy access to the internal channel, the internal cavity having a width that is greater than a width of the internal channel such that in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal length, the antenna is omni-directional with a maximum to minimum gain variation within a specified delta value and polarized parallel to the plane, the surface having a cross-sectional shape and a length of the antenna determines a signal gain of the antenna, wherein the antenna is configured to transceive a wireless signal polarized parallel to the plane;
• an electrically conductive feed line positioned to feed the antenna at the internal wall, the feed line having a feed, the feed and the longitudinal opening being electrically coupled to induce a substantially omni-directional electric field perpendicular to the longitudinal opening when the antenna is energized;
• the feed and the longitudinal opening being electrically coupled to each other via at least one of a conductive contact, an inductive coupling, or a capacitive coupling;
• and
• a radome that at least partially surrounds the antenna.

A substantially omni-directional antenna for wireless electromagnetic communications, the antenna comprising:

• an electrically conductive surface having a spiraling cross-section with a cross-sectional dimension, the surface forming an internal cavity, the surface forming an internal channel to an external surface, the surface forming an internal wall common to the internal cavity and the internal channel, the internal wall having a longitudinal length and a longitudinal opening configured to allow radio frequency (RF) energy access to the internal cavity, wherein the cross-sectional dimension is configured to cause a wireless signal to be transmitted by the antenna in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal length, wherein the antenna is omni-directional with a maximum to minimum gain variation of less than or equal to 3 decibels (dB) and polarized parallel to the plane;
• an electrically conductive feed positioned to feed the antenna at the internal wall, the feed and the opening being electrically coupled;
• and
• a radome that at least partially surrounds the antenna, the radome having a cross-sectional shape, the cross-sectional shape of the radome being one or a combination of a substantially circular shape, a substantially elliptical shape, a substantially polygonal shape or a substantially rectangular shape,
• wherein the radome is a structural radome or a non-structural radome, and wherein a smallest dimension of the cross-sectional shape of the structural radome is less than 0.194 times the wavelength of the wireless signal being transceived by the antenna, and wherein a smallest dimension of the cross-sectional shape of the non-structural radome is less than 0.099 times the wavelength of the wireless signal being transceived by the antenna.