Image forming apparatus

An image forming apparatus comprising:

• at least one photoreceptor configured to bear an electrostatic latent image thereon, wherein the photoreceptor includes an electroconductive substrate, a photosensitive layer located overlying the substrate, and an outermost layer having projected portions thereon, wherein the outermost layer and the projected portions include a same crosslinked charge transport material, and wherein the outermost layer has a surface roughness property such that a number of projected portions having a height greater than Rz/2 is from 40 to 90 in a measurement length of 12 mm, wherein Rz represents ten-point mean roughness of a surface of the outermost layer;
• a developing device configured to develop the electrostatic image with a developer including a toner to form a toner image on a surface of the photoreceptor;
• a transferring device configured to transfer the toner image onto a receiving material;
• and
• a cleaning device having a cleaning blade configured to clean the surface of the photoreceptor after the toner image is transferred, wherein a tip edge line of the cleaning blade is contacted with the surface of the photoreceptor at a linear pressure of from 80 g/cm to 150 g/cm, wherein
• the projected portions form peaks and valleys on the surface of the outermost layer, and
• the ten-point mean roughness Rz is a difference between (a) a mean value of altitude of from the highest peak to the fifth highest peak in a profile of the surface and (b) a mean value of altitude of from the deepest valley to the fifth deepest valley in the profile of the surface.