Method for coating surfaces with microparticles and nanoparticles with the aid of plasma methods

A method for coating a polymer surface with microparticles and nanoparticles, comprising:

• a) pretreatment of the polymer surface using a plasma method, wherein the average electron energy of the anisothermal plasma for pretreatment of the polymer surface is from 0.01 to 20 eV,
• b) subsequent application of the microparticles and nanoparticles to the polymer surface,
• c) subsequent fixation of the microparticles and nanoparticles on the polymer surface by a plasma method, wherein an average electron energy of the anisothermal plasma for bonding of the microparticles and nanoparticles to the polymer surface is in the range of 0.01 to 10 eV,
• wherein
• 1) the microparticles and nanoparticles are chemically bonded to the polymer surface,
• 2) the bonding of the microparticles and nanoparticles takes place with the aid of said anisothermal plasma, for bonding of the microparticles and nanoparticles to the polymer surface, wherein the average electron energy of said anisothermal plasma for bonding lies in the range of the bond dissociation energy of the microparticles and nanoparticles, and thereby the strength of the chemical bond between the polymer surface and the microparticles and nanoparticles are adjusted in variable manner;
• 3) the microparticles and nanoparticles are selected from the group of materials consisting of
• lipids
• polymers,
• chitosans, chemically modified chitosans, water-soluble or water-insoluble chitosans,
• dextrins or sugar compounds, and
• biomasses comprising lipids, obtained from algae, cyanobacteria and/or fungi;
• and
• 4) the microparticles and nanoparticles have an average diameter of 10 nm-10 μm, and are distributed on the polymer surface at intervals of 10-3000 nm, structured as a function of the size of the particles applied.