Process for producing inorganic interconnected 3D open cell bone substitutes

A method of using a heat responsive mixture to form an inorganic interconnected 3D open-pore bone substitute, wherein the heat responsive mixture comprises one or more polyelectrolytic complexes and one or more biomedical ceramic powders, comprising a first heating step of heating the mixture at a temperature ranging from 25° C. to 100° C., a second heating step of heating the resulting mixture to remove water and polyelectrolytic complexes contained therein and then cooling the mixture, resulting in an inorganic interconnected 3D open-pore bone substitute;

• wherein after raising the temperature at the first heating step or the second heating step can further comprises a temperature-holding session for 0.25 to 10 hours;
• wherein the polyelectrolytic complex is a gel form and formed by one or more positive charge polyelectrolyte and one or more negative charge polyelectrolyte;
• wherein the positive charge polyelectrolyte is selected from the group consisting of polyarginine, polyornithine, DEAE dextran, polybrene, chitosan, polylysine, amino-cellulose, polyethyleneimine resin and mixture thereof and the negative charge polyelectrolyte is selected from the group consisting of:
• acetylcellulose, γ-polyglutamate (γ-PGA), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), sodium polyphosphate, hyaluronan acid, sodium alginate and mixture thereof;
• wherein the biomedical ceramic powder is selected from the group consisting of:
• calcium phosphate based ceramic powder, calcium sulfate based ceramic powder, oxide based ceramic powder, nitride based ceramic powder, carbide based ceramic powder, alumina-dispersed zirconia, titania-dispersed alumina and mixture thereof;
• and
• wherein the weight percent (w/w, dry weight) of a polyelectrolyte complex and a biomedical ceramic material ranges from 2% to 20% and 15% to 50%, respectively, the remained composition is water.