Energetic ionic salts
OwnerGreg W. Drake, Tommy Hawkins +1inventors
InventorsGreg W. Drake, Tommy Hawkins, Kerri Tollison
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Abstract
The invention provides a) a method for making improved ionic halide salts, e.g., 1-methyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium iodide and b) a method for making energetic ionic salts, e.g., 1-methyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate, in high yield and purity from triazolium precursors. Also provided are the resulting novel salts from the above methods.
Claims5
A method for making energetic ionic salts comprising the reaction:
- where X is selected from the group consisting of bromine, chlorine, iodine and substituted sulfate —S(═O)2—R1 where R1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, trifluoromethyl (CF3) and nitratato (ONO2−)—;
- and the M+ cation is selected from the group consisting of silver (Ag+), potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), Strontium (Sr+), cesium (Cs+), ammonium (NH4+) and substituted ammonium NRR′R″R′″+ (where R, R′, R″, R′″ can be equivalent or all different with some but not all pendant R groups being hydrogen atoms, while the other R, R′, R″, and R′″ are substituted alkyl chains from C1-C20 and these substituted R groups are substituted straight, branched, cyclic, unsaturated or joined together as well as in chains containing nitrogen or oxygen,
- and wherein the E anion is selected from the group consisting of nitrate (NO3+), perchlorate (ClO4−), dinitramide (N(NO2)2+), nitroformate (C(NO2)3+), nitrocyanamide N(NO2)(CN)−, dicyanamide (N(CN)2−), 5-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrazoloate, 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazolate, 3,5-dinitro-1,2,4-triazolate, 2,4,5-trinitro-1,3-imidazolate, bitetrazolate, bitetrazolylamide, perchlorylamide (N—ClO3−2), 2-oxo-5-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrazolate and 1-oxo-3,5-dinitro-1,2,4-triazolate.
Energetic ionic salts selected from the group consisting of 1-methyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate, 1-methyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium perchlorate, 1-methyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrocyanamide, 1-ethyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate, 1-ethyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium perchlorate, 1-ethyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrocyanamide, 1-ethanol-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate, 1-ethanol-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium perchlorate, 1-ethanol-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrocyanamide, 1-n-propyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate, 1-n-propyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium perchlorate, 1-n-propyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrocyanamide, 1-n-butyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium perchlorate, 1-n-butyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrocyanamide, 1-methylcyclopropyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate, 1-methylcyclopropyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium perchlorate, 1-methylcyclopropyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrocyanamide, 1-(2-propenyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate, 1-(2-propenyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium perchlorate and 1-(2-propenyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrocyanamide.
The method of using 1-substituted-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium salts as energetic ingredients wherein said 1-substituted is selected from the group consisting of 1-methyl, 1-ethyl, 1-ethanol, 1-n-propyl, 1-n-butyl, 1-methylcyclopropyl- and 1(2-propenyl), by adding or mixing same solely or with other ingredients, for propellants, fuels, explosives or as admixtures therewith.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.