Apparatus responsive to movement of a patient during treatment/diagnosis

Apparatus responsive to movement of a patient positioned on a patient positioning assembly during treatment/diagnosis, said apparatus comprising:

• a single camera generating digital image signals representing an image of at least one fiducial on said patient;
• and
• processing means comprising means responsive to actual shape, appearance and lighting conditions of said at least one fiducial in said image represented by said digital image signals to determine successive positions of said at least one fiducial, means tracking three-dimensional movement of said at least one fiducial from said successive positions and means generating an output in response to predetermined values of said movement.

Apparatus responsive to movement of a patient positioned on a patient positioning assembly during treatment/diagnosis, said apparatus comprising:

• camera means generating digital image signals representing an image of at least one fiducial on said patient;
• and
• processing means comprising means responsive to actual shape, appearance and lighting conditions of said at least one fiducial in said image represented by said digital image signals to determine successive positions of said at least one fiducial at a rate of at least 20 Hz, means tracking movement of said at least one fiducial from said successive positions, and means generating an output in response to predetermined values of said movement.

Apparatus responsive to movement of a patient positioned on a patient positioning assembly, said apparatus comprising:

• camera means generating digital image signals representative of an image of said patient;
• and
• processing means comprising means determining movement of said patient from said digital image signals, including movement associated with breathing by said patient, and gating means generating gating signals synchronized with said movement associated with breathing by said patient.