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US 5,702,636 AGranted
Gel-glass dispersed liquid crystals
AssigneeNational Science Council
InventorWha-Tzong Whang
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
The present invention provides a gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal. The raw material composition of the gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal includes a three functionally substituted silane, two functionally substituted silane, a metal alkoxide and a liquid crystal. At least one of the non-hydrolyzable moieties of the three functionally substituted silane, two functionally substituted silane and metal alkoxide has at least one amino group or a reactive functional group. The refractive index of the oxide of the metal is not less than 1.52. The obtained gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal has good film integrity and flexibility and a low operation voltage.
Claims27
A gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal, which is prepared from the components of:
- (a) 0-30 wt % of a four functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of Si(OR.sup.1).sub.4 and Si(OOCR.sup.2).sub.4 ;
- (b) 0-60 wt % of a three functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of R.sup.3 Si (OR.sup.1).sub.3 and R.sup.3 Si(OOCR.sup.2).sub.3 ;
- (c) 3-70 wt % of a two functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of R.sup.4 R.sup.5 Si(OR.sup.1).sub.2 and R.sup.4 R.sup.5 Si(OOCR.sup.2).sub.2 ;
- (d) 0-30 wt % of a metal alkoxide (R.sup.6).sub.m M(OR.sup.7).sub.n ;
- (e) 10-80 wt % of a liquid crystal;
- and
- (f) 0-30 wt % of additives;
- wherein
- each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.7 is an aliphatic group having not more than 7 carbon atoms,
- each of R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, aromatic group, substituted aliphatic group, substituted aromatic group, polymer moiety and substituted polymer moiety,
- wherein
- each of the aliphatic group, aromatic group, substituted aliphatic group and substituted aromatic group has not more than 24 carbon atoms,
- each of the polymer moiety and substituted polymer moiety has a molecular weight of not more than 10,000,
- the substituted group contained in the substituted aliphatic group, substituted aromatic group and substituted polymer moiety is an amino group or a reactive functional group, which is capable of undergoing hydrolysis and condensation or is capable of forming a linkage at room temperature, at an elevated temperature or upon exposure to light, and
- wherein
- M is a metal atom, wherein the refractive index of the oxide of the metal atom is not less than 1.52 when measured at 589 nm,
- m is an integer between 0 and 4,
- n is an integer between 2 and 6, and
- the additives lower the operation voltage of the glass dispersed liquid crystal or enhance the on-state transmittance of the gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal.
16 more elements
A gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal, which is prepared from the components of:
- (a) 0-30 wt % of a four functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of Si(OR.sup.1).sub.4 and Si(OOCR.sup.2).sub.4 ;
- (b) 0-60 wt % of a three functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of R.sup.3 Si(OR.sup.1).sub.3 and R.sup.3 Si(OOCR.sup.2).sub.3 ;
- (c) 3-70 wt % of a two functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of R.sup.4 R.sup.5 Si(OR.sup.1).sub.2 and R.sup.4 R.sup.5 Si(OOCR.sup.2).sub.2 ;
- (d) 0-30 wt % of a metal alkoxide (R.sup.6).sub.m M(OR.sup.7).sub.n ;
- (e) 10-80 wt % of a liquid crystal;
- and
- (f) 0-30 wt % of additives;
- wherein
- each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.7 is an aliphatic group having not more than 7 carbon atoms,
- each of R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, aromatic group, substituted aliphatic group, substituted aromatic group, polymer moiety and substituted polymer moiety,
- wherein
- each of the aliphatic group, aromatic group, substituted aliphatic group and substituted aromatic group has not more than 24 carbon atoms,
- each of the polymer moiety and substituted polymer moiety has a molecular weight of not more than 10,000,
- the substituted group contained in the substituted aliphatic group, substituted aromatic group and substituted polymer moiety is an amino group, and
- wherein
- M is a metal atom, wherein the refractive index of the oxide of the metal atom is not less than 1.52 when measured at 589 nm,
- m is an integer between 0 and 4,
- n is an integer between 2 and 6, and
- the additives lower the operation voltage of the glass dispersed liquid crystal or enhance the on-state transmittance of the gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal.
16 more elements
A gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal, which is prepared from the components of:
- (a) 0-30 wt % of a four functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of Si(OR.sup.1).sub.4 and Si(OOCR.sup.2).sub.4 ;
- (b) 0-60 wt % of a three functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of R.sup.3 Si(OR.sup.1).sub.3 and R.sup.3 Si(OOCR.sup.2).sub.3 ;
- (c) 3-70 wt % of a two functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of R.sup.4 R.sup.5 Si(OR.sup.1).sub.2 and R.sup.4 R.sup.5 Si(OOCR.sup.2).sub.2 ;
- (d) 0-30 wt % of a metal alkoxide (R.sup.6).sub.m M(OR.sup.7).sub.n ;
- (e) 10-80 wt % of a liquid crystal;
- and (f) 0-30 wt % of additives;
- wherein
- each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.7 is an aliphatic group having not more than 7 carbon atoms,
- each of R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, aromatic group, substituted aliphatic group, substituted aromatic group, polymer moiety and substituted polymer moiety,
- wherein
- each of the aliphatic group, aromatic group, substituted aliphatic group and substituted aromatic group has not more than 24 carbon atoms,
- each of the polymer moiety and substituted polymer moiety has a molecular weight of not more than 10,000,
- the substituted group contained in the substituted aliphatic group, substituted aromatic group and substituted polymer moiety is an amino group,
- at least one of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is an amino-substituted aliphatic group, and
- wherein
- M is a metal atom, wherein the refractive index of the oxide of the metal atom is not less than 1.52 when measured at 589 nm,
- m is an integer between 0 and 4,
- n is an integer between 2 and 6, and
- the additives lower the operation voltage of the glass dispersed liquid crystal or enhance the on-state transmittance of the gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal.
16 more elements
A gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal, which is prepared from the components of:
- (a) 0-30 wt % of a four functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of Si(OR.sup.1).sub.4 and Si(OOCR.sup.2).sub.4 ;
- (b) 0-60 wt % of a three functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of R.sup.3 Si(OR.sup.1).sub.3 and R.sup.3 Si(OOCR.sup.2).sub.3 ;
- (c) 3-70 wt % of a two functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of R.sup.4 R.sup.5 Si(OR.sup.1).sub.2 and R.sup.4 R.sup.5 Si(OOCR.sup.2).sub.2 ;
- (d) 0-30 wt % of a metal alkoxide (R.sup.6).sub.m M(OR.sup.7).sub.n ;
- (e) 10-80 wt % of a liquid crystal;
- and
- (f) 0-30 wt % of additives;
- wherein
- each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.7 is an aliphatic group having not more than 7 carbon atoms,
- each of R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, aromatic group, substituted aliphatic group, and substituted aromatic group,
- wherein
- each of the aliphatic group, aromatic group, substituted aliphatic group and substituted aromatic group has not more than 24 carbon atoms,
- the substituted group contained in the substituted aliphatic group and substituted aromatic group is an amino group,
- at least one of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is an amino-substituted aliphatic group, and
- wherein
- M is a metal atom selected from the group consisting of lead, tantalum, barium, calcium, strontium, lanthanum, yttrium, indium, tin, iridium, aluminum, titanium, niobium, zirconium, zinc and germanium,
- m is an integer between 0 and 4,
- n is an integer between 2 and 6, and
- the additives lower the operation voltage of the glass dispersed liquid crystal or enhance the on-state transmittance of the gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal, and are selected from the group consisting of transparent polymers, transparent oligomers, transparent polymer precursors, substituted transparent polymers, substituted transparent oligomers, and substituted transparent polymer precursors.
16 more elements
A gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal, which is prepared from the components of:
- (a) 0-30 wt % of a four functionally substituted silane of Si(OR.sup.1).sub.4 ;
- (b) 0-60 wt % of a three functionally substituted silane of R.sup.3 Si (OR.sup.1).sub.3 ;
- (c) 3-70 wt % of a two functionally substituted silane of R.sup.4 R.sup.5 Si(OR.sup.1).sub.2 ;
- (d) 0-30 wt % of a metal alkoxide (R.sup.6).sub.m M(OR.sup.7).sub.n ;
- (e) 10-80 wt % of a liquid crystal;
- and
- (f) 0-30 wt % of additives;
- wherein
- each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.7 is an aliphatic group having not more than 7 carbon atoms,
- each of R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, and substituted aliphatic group,
- wherein
- each of the aliphatic group, and substituted aliphatic group has not more than 24 carbon atoms,
- the substituted group contained in the substituted aliphatic group is an amino group,
- at least one of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is an amino-substituted aliphatic group, and
- wherein
- M is a metal atom selected from the group consisting of lead, tantalum, barium, calcium, strontium, lanthanum, yttrium, indium, tin, iridium, aluminum, titanium, niobium, zirconium, zinc and germanium,
- m is an integer between 0 and 4,
- n is an integer between 2 and 6, and
- the additives lower the operation voltage of the glass dispersed liquid crystal or enhance the on-state transmittance of the gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal, and are selected from the group consisting of transparent polymers, transparent oligomers, transparent polymer precursors, substituted transparent polymers, substituted transparent oligomers, and substituted transparent polymer precursors.
16 more elements
A gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal, which is prepared from the components of:
- (a) 0-30 wt % of a four functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane and tetrapropoxysilane;
- (b) 0-60 wt % of a three functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of methyltriethoxysilane, trimethoxypropylsilane, (3-chloropyl)-trimethoxysilane, N-3-trimethoxysilylpropyl!ethylene-diamine and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane;
- (c) 3-70 wt % of a two functionally substituted silane of R.sup.4 R.sup.5 Si(OR.sup.1).sub.2 ;
- (d) 0-30 wt % of a metal alkoxide (R.sup.6).sub.m M(OR.sup.7).sub.n ;
- (e) 10-80 wt % of a liquid crystal;
- and (f) 0-30 wt % of additives;
- wherein
- each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.7 is an aliphatic group having not more than 7 carbon atoms,
- each of R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group and substituted aliphatic group,
- wherein
- each of the aliphatic group and substituted aliphatic group has not more than 24 carbon atoms,
- the substituted group contained in the substituted aliphatic group is an amino group,
- at least one of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is an amino-substituted aliphatic group, and
- wherein
- M is a metal atom selected from the group consisting of lead, tantalum, barium, calcium, strontium, lanthanum, yttrium, indium, tin, iridium, aluminum, titanium, niobium, zirconium, zinc and germanium,
- m is an integer between 0 and 4,
- n is an integer between 2 and 6, and
- the additives lower the operation voltage of the glass dispersed liquid crystal or enhance the on-state transmittance of the gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal, and are selected from the group consisting of transparent polymers, transparent oligomers, transparent polymer precursors, substituted transparent polymers, substituted transparent oligomers, and substituted transparent polymer precursors.
15 more elements
A gel-glass dispersed liquid crystal, which is prepared from the components of:
- (a) 0-30 wt % of tetraethoxysilane;
- (b) 0-60 wt % of a three functionally substituted silane selected from the group consisting of methyltriethoxysilane, trimethoxypropylsilane, (3-chloropyl)trimethoxysilane, N-3-trimethoxysilylpropyl!ethylenediamine and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane;
- (c) 3-70 wt % of 3-(diethoxymethylsilyl)propylamine;
- (d) 0-30 wt % of titanium ethoxide;
- and
- (e) 10-80 wt % of a liquid crystal.
3 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.