Energy transformation method and its system for piston reciprocating cycle

An energy transformation system of a piston-reciprocating cycle, comprising:

• a cylinder having an end where a reduced bore and a shoulder portion are formed, said reduced bore being formed concentrically with the cylinder having an axis, said shoulder portion having an air channel leading to the reduced bore, said air channel formed in a direction oblique to the axis and provided with a check valve for permitting the air to flow only in a direction from the cylinder to the recessed bore;
• a piston reciprocatingly slidable between bottom dead center (BDC) and top dead center (TDC) in the cylinder, said piston having a protrusion portion adapted to be fitted into said reduced bore where the air is compressed when the piston slides toward TDC;
• a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the reduced bore in a direction toward the piston to cause turbulence in cooperation with oblique air flow through the air channel, where a fuel mixture of the fuel and the compressed air is formed;
• an ignition device for igniting the fuel mixture to cause combustion in the reduced bore, wherein combustion of the fuel mixture is conducted at a substantially constant volume, and wherein the combustion pressure is maximized after TDC;
• and
• an exhaust-discharging system for discharging outside the cylinder the exhaust gas generated by the combustion.

An energy transformation system of a piston-reciprocating cycle, comprising:

• a cylinder having an end where a reduced bore and a shoulder portion are formed, said reduced bore being formed concentrically with the cylinder having an axis, said shoulder portion having an air channel leading to the reduced bore, said air channel formed in a direction oblique to the axis and provided with a check valve for permitting the air to flow only in a direction from the cylinder to the recessed bore;
• a piston reciprocatingly slidable between BDC and TDC in the cylinder, said piston having a protrusion portion adapted to be fitted into said reduced bore where the air is compressed when the piston slides toward TDC, wherein said protrusion portion has a front surface facing the reduced bore, and a cylindrical side surface, at least said front surface or said cylindrical side surface being provided with grooves to cause turbulence when combustion gas passes through a peripheral gap formed between the reduced bore and the protrusion portion;
• a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the reduced bore, where a fuel mixture of the fuel and the compressed air is formed;
• an ignition device for igniting the fuel mixture to cause combustion in the reduced bore, wherein combustion of the fuel mixture is conducted at a substantially constant volume, and wherein the combustion pressure is maximized after TDC;
• and
• an exhaust-discharging system for discharging outside the cylinder the exhaust gas generated by the combustion.

A method of energy transformation using a piston-reciprocating cycle, comprising the steps of:

• compressing the air in a cylinder having an end by a piston sliding toward the end of the cylinder where a recessed bore and a shoulder portion are formed, said recessed bore being formed concentrically with the cylinder having an axis, said shoulder portion having a one-way air-path leading to the recessed bore, said piston having a projecting portion, adapted to be fitted into said recessed bore, having a front surface facing the recessed bore, and a cylindrical side surface, at least said front surface or said cylindrical side surface being provided with grooves to cause turbulence when combustion gas passes through a peripheral gap formed between the recessed bore and the projecting portion;
• further compressing the air toward TDC wherein the projecting portion of the piston is inserted into the recessed bore to highly compress the air in the recessed bore, into which the air flows via the one-way air-path;
• injecting fuel into the recessed bore, where a fuel mixture of the fuel and the compressed air is formed;
• igniting the fuel mixture to cause combustion in the recessed bore, wherein combustion of the fuel mixture is conducted at a substantially constant volume, wherein the combustion pressure is maximized after TDC;
• allowing the combustion gas to expand and push the piston, generating an exhaust gas, wherein the combustion gas leaking through the peripheral gap is rendered turbulent by the grooves;
• and
• discharging the exhaust gas outside the cylinder.