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US 5,545,237 AGranted
Smoke reducing additive for two-cycle engine fuel mixture
AssigneeExxon Research & Engineering Co.
InventorsJacob J. Habeeb, Christopher J. May
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A fuel mixture containing an ionic complex of an amine salt of a phosphoric acid is effective in reducing the smoke emitted during operation of a two-cycle internal combustion engine. A preferred phosphoric acid derivative is dioctyldithiophosphate. A preferred primary amine component is dihydrogenated tallow amine.
Claims17
A fuel mixture for two-cycle engines having reduced smoke emission properties consisting essentially of
- (a) a mineral lubricating oil basestock,
- (b) a motor gasoline and
- (c) an ionic complex of an oil and fuel-soluble hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt of a dithiophosphoric acid having the formula:
- ##STR7## wherein, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group and a hydrocarbyl substituted group, with R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each having a total of from 2 to 30 carbon atoms,
- R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are selected from hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from 1 to 28 carbon atoms, and at least one of the radicals R.sub.4 or R.sub.5 is a hydrocarbyl group containing from 3 to 18 carbon atoms.
2 more elements
A fuel mixture for two-cycle engines having reduced smoke emission properties consisting essentially of
- (a) a mineral lubricating oil basestock,
- (b) a motor gasoline, and
- (c) an ionic complex of an oil and fuel-soluble hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt of an oil and fuel-soluble dithiophosphoric acid prepared by reacting an amine having the formula:
- ##STR8## wherein, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group and a hydrocarbyl substituted group, with R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each having a total of from 2 to 30 carbon atoms;
- with a dithiophosphoric acid having the formula:
- ##STR9## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are selected from hydrogen and hydrocarbyl group containing from 1 to 28 carbon atoms, and at least one of the radicals R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 is a hydrocarbyl group containing from 3 to 18 carbon atoms,
- at an ionic salt forming temperature of not less than 85.degree. C. for a time sufficient for the amine and the dithiophosphoric acid to react and form an ionic salt.
4 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.