Field-effect voltage regulator diode

A voltage regulator diode comprising:

• a semiconductor substrate including at least a head side semiconductor layer of a first type;
• a source region formed in the head side semiconductor layer to adjoin a surface thereof and highly doped to be of a second type opposite to the first type;
• a highly doped drain region of the second type formed in the head side semiconductor layer to adjoin said surface;
• a source electrode held in contact with the source region;
• a shorting electrode held in contact with the drain region;
• a gate insulating portion formed between the source region and the drain region to partly cover said surface of the head side semiconductor layer;
• and a gate electrode formed to cover the gate insulating portion;
• wherein the gate electrode is shorted to the drain region through the shorting electrode, whereby a channel is partially formed in the head side semiconductor layer to establish conduction between the source region and the drain region when a gate voltage not less than a predetermined threshold value is applied,
• wherein the substrate comprises a highly doped tail side semiconductor layer of the second type in addition to the head side semiconductor layer of the first type, the drain region extending to the tail side semiconductor layer through the head side semiconductor layer.