Carbonylation of methanol using a novel transition metal catalyst
AssigneeUniversity of Alberta
InventorsRonald G. Cavell, Kattesh V. Katti
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Abstract
An improved process is provided for the carbonylation of methanol to acetic acid and/or its derivatives, especially methyl acetate, under mild reaction conditions using a novel catalyst precursor. The precursor is a transition metal complex having a heterodifunctional bidentate phosphorus--nitrogen ligand attached to the metal. The carbonylation reaction can now typically be carried out at 80.degree. C. and CO pressure of 40 p.s.i.g.
Claims19
In a catalytic process for the carbonylation of methanol to one or more of acetic acid and its esters, the improvement comprising:
- reacting methanol and carbon monoxide using a transition metal catalyst precursor having a phosphorus-nitrogen chelated ligand attached to the metal as a catalyst the catalyst precursor having the general formula:
- ##STR22## wherein M is a Group VIII B transition metal
- Y, Y' are same or different, selected from CO, Cl.sup.-, phosphines and olefinic hydrocarbons
- R.sub.1-4, R.sub.6-12 are same or different substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups
- Q is selected from a benzene ring connected to P and X in the o-positions, an olefin connected to P and X across the double bond, or (CH.sub.3)CH
- X is P or As
- R=a substituted aromatic ring ##STR23## where A, B, C or D are selected from F, H, NO.sub.2, CN and alkyl and E is endocyclic nitrogen, a C--NO.sub.2 group of a C--CN group, or isomers thereof, or R=SiMe.sub.3 or TiCl.sub.2 Cp, where Me is methyl, and Cp is cyclopentadienyl, or P(O)(OPh).sub.2, where Ph is a phenyl ring,
- R.sub.5 is aryl or alkyl, and
- S.sup.* is S, Se, O or N--R, R being as defined hereinabove.
A transition metal complex catalyst precursor having a phosphorus-nitrogen chelated ligand attached to the metal and having the general formula ##STR24## wherein M is a Group VIII B transition metal
- Y, Y' are same or different, selected from CO, Cl.sup.-, phosphines and olefinic hydrocarbons
- R.sub.1-4, R.sub.6-12 are same or different substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups
- Q is selected from a benzene ring connected to P and X in the o-positions, an olefin connected to P and X across the double bond, or (CH.sub.3)CH
- X is P or As
- R is a substituted aromatic ring, ##STR25## where A, B, C, or D are selected for F, H, NO.sub.2, CN and alkyl and E is endocyclic nitrogen, a C--NO.sub.2 group of a C--CN group, or isomers thereof, or R=SiMe.sub.3 or TiCl.sub.2 Cp, where Me is methyl, and Cp is cyclopentadienyl, or P(O)(OPh).sub.2, where Ph is a phenyl ring,
- R.sub.5 is aryl or alkyl, and
- S.sup.* is S, Se, O or N--R, R being as defined hereinabove.
A phosphorus-nitrogen chelating ligand having the general formula ##STR28## wherein R.sub.1-4, R.sub.6-12 are same or different substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups
- Q is selected from a benzene ring connected to P and X in the o-positions, an olefin connected to P and X across the double bond, or (CH.sub.3)CH
- X is P or As
- R is a substituted aromatic ring ##STR29## where A, B, C or D are selected for F, H, NO.sub.2, CN and alkyl and E is endocyclic nitrogen, a C--NO.sub.2 group of a C--CN group, or isomers thereof, or R=SiMe.sub.3 or TiCl.sub.2 Cp, where Me is methyl, Cp is cyclopentadienyl, or P(O)(OPh).sub.2, where Ph is a phenyl ring,
- R.sub.5 is aryl or alkyl, and
- S.sup.* is S, Se, O or N--R, R being as defined hereinabove.
A ligand having the general formulae:
- ##STR30##
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.