Composition for improving cold flow properties of middle distillates
AssigneeExxon Research & Engineering Co.
InventorsNicholas Feldman, Jacob J. Habeeb
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Abstract
A wax-containing middle distillate, such as diesel fuel, having improved low temperature flow properties comprises three or more components including (A) an oil-soluble ethylene backbone flow improving polymer such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, (B) a hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt and/or amide of a carboxylic acid or anhydride such as phthalic anhydride salts, and (C) a hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt and/or amide of a derivative of benzoic acid such as the dihydrogenerated tallow amine salt of an alkyl substituted dithiobenzoic acid.
Claims20
A wax-containing middle distillate fuel composition containing three or more components including:
- (A) about 0.001 to 0.5 wt.% of an oil-soluble ethylene backbone distillate flow improving polymer having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 500 to 50,000;
- (B) about 0.001 to 0.5 wt.% of an oil-soluble hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt or amide of a carboxylic acid or anhydride;
- and
- (C) about 0.001 to 0.5 wt.% of an oil-soluble hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt or amide of a benzoic acid derivative having the formula:
- ##STR5## wherein X is oxygen or sulfur, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are selected from hydrogen;
- a hydrocarbyl group containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms;
- a hydroxy group, and an oxygen-containing hydrocarbyl group containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms and at least one of the radicals R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 or R.sub.5 is a hydrocarbyl group containing 1-24 carbon atoms;
- wherein the aforesaid weight percents are based on the weight of the total fuel composition.
A wax-containing diesel fuel containing;
- (A) 0.005-0.10 wt% of an oil-soluble copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate;
- (B) 0.01-0.20 wt% of an oil-soluble amine salt or amide of phthalic anhydride;
- and
- (C) 0.005-0.15 wt% of an oil-soluble C.sub.12 -C.sub.30 alkyl amine salt of a benzoic acid derivative having the formula:
- ##STR6## wherein X is oxygen or sulfur and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are selected from hydrogen, --OH and an alkyl group containing 1-18 carbon atoms, and at least one of the radicals R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 or R.sub.5 is an alkyl group containing 1-6 carbon atoms;
- wherein the aforesaid weight percents are based on the weight of the total fuel composition.
An additive combination comprising:
- (A) one part by weight of an oil-soluble ethylene backbone distillate flow improving polymer having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 500 to 50,000;
- ( B) 0.10 to 10 parts by weight of an oil soluble hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt or amide of a carboxylic acid or anhydride;
- and
- (C) 0.10 to 10 parts by weight of an oil-soluble hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt or amide of a benzoic acid derivative having the formula:
- ##STR7## wherein X is oxygen or sulfur, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are selected from hydrogen;
- a hydrocarbyl group containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms;
- a hydroxy group, and an oxygen-containing hydrocarbyl group containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms and at least one of the radicals R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 or R.sub.5 is a hydrocarbyl group containing 1-18 carbon atoms.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.