Plasma reactor

A plasma reactor comprising

• an enclosure having means for admitting a gas flow,
• a generator of high-frequency electromagnetic waves consisting of electric fields and magnetic fields, said fields having directions orthogonal to each other and orthogonal to a propagation direction of said electromagnetic waves,
• non-resonant coupling means free of any externally imposed magnetic field including an inlet fixed to the generator and an outlet, the non-resonant coupling means comprising at least one widening horn having four walls defining an essentially rectangular cross-section, two of said walls being fixed parallel to the direction of the electric field and angularly inclined away from each other, and another two of said walls being fixed perpendicular to the direction of the electric field and substantially parallel to each other, and
• a housing coupled to said outlet and surrounding the enclosure, wherein said enclosure comprises a generally cylindrical shape concentric about an axis of revolution and includes a first internal tubular unit placed under vacuum, concentric with said enclosure, a wall of said first tubular unit being formed by a material having low dielectric losses, and wherein the housing further comprises a second short-circuit element coupled to said first tubular unit and having two ring-shaped plates surrounding said tubular unit, said ring-shaped plates being spaced from each other by a distance that is predefined and adjustable in order to confine a plasma in an included portion of said tubular unit between said ring-shaped plates.