Variable heat generating method and apparatus
AssigneeAmerican Combustion, Inc.
InventorGrigory M. Gitman
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Abstract
Method and apparatus for high temperature heating, melting, refining and superheating of materials, such as steel scrap, metals, ceramics or glass. The invention provides an economizing method of hydrocarbon fluid fuel combustion in an ongoing flame in a liquid cooled combustion chamber by separately supplying streams of fuel and at least two oxidizing gases wherein a first oxidizing gas reacts with the fuel, and a second oxidizing gas is directed about the flame core to further react with the fuel, while controlling the flow of the fuel, the oxidizing gases and cooling liquid to provide the required heat input, combustion product chemistry, temperature, velocity, emissivity and combustion block temperature. Also disclosed are burners for carrying out the invention.
Claims44
An economizing method of hydrocarbon fluid fuel combustion in an ongoing hydrocarbon flamed formed in a combustion chamber within a fluid cooled combustion block, to reduce the consumption of fuel and pure oxygen in heating processes, comprising the steps of:
- separately supplying hydrocarbon fluid fuel and two different oxygen based oxidizing gases to a fluid cooled combustion chamber;
- directing said first oxidizing gas having a given oxygen concentration in a jet along the central axis of the combustion chamber;
- directing said hydrocarbon fuel into said combustion chamber in a plurality of jets about the central jet of said first oxidizing gas so that said hydrocarbon fuel is caused to be mixed with said first oxidizing gas to stabilize combustion within the combustion chamber;
- directing said second oxidizing gas having different oxygen concentration from said first oxidizing gas into said combustion chamber in a plurality of jets directed to mix inside said combustion chamber with said hydrocarbon fuel in the flame core, and to mix with the hydrocarbon fuel outside said combustion chamber, creating the final flame pattern;
- and
- controlling the flow if said hydrocarbon fuel and said two oxidizing gases.
A method of heating and melting materials in a furnace, comprising the steps of:
- directing a flame to the material to be heated, said flame formed by combusting a mixture of supplied oxygen, air, and hydrocarbon fuel having a ratio of total oxygen to total air less than 40 percent and a ratio of fuel to total oxygen about stoichiometric;
- raising the ratio of total oxygen to total air in the mixture, to increase the flame temperature, as the temperature of the material increases, while maintaining the fuel to total oxygen ratio at stoichiometric, to achieve a temperature of the material at which an exothermic reaction of oxidation of some component of the material can be initiated;
- and
- then introducing excess oxygen directed to the hottest zone of the material, to increase the oxidation ability of the flame and initiate an exothermic oxidation reaction between the oxygen and the material.
A hydrocarbon fluid fuel burner to reduce the consumption of fuel and pure oxygen in a heating process, which comprises:
- a combustion block having a combustion chamber therein;
- means for cooling said combustion chamber with a liquid;
- means for separately supplying hydrocarbon fluid fuel and two oxygen based oxidizing gases to said combustion block;
- means for directing said first oxidizing gas in a jet along the central axis of said combustion chamber;
- means for directing said hydrocarbon fuel into said combustion chamber in a plurality of jets about the central jet of said first oxidizing gas so that said hydrocarbon fuel is caused to be mixed with said first oxidizing gas to stabilize combustion within said liquid cooled combustion chamber;
- and
- means for directing said second oxidizing gas into said combustion chamber in a plurality of jets directed to mix inside said combustion chamber with said hydrocarbon fuel in the flame core and to mix with the hydrocarbon fuel outside said combustion chamber, creating the final flame pattern.
An economizing method of hydrocarbon fluid fuel combustion in an ongoing hydrocarbon flame formed in a combustion chamber within a fluid cooled combustion block and extending into a hot furnace chamber, to reduce the consumption of fuel and pure oxygen in heating processes, by comprising the steps of:
- separately supplying hydrocarbon fluid fuel and two different oxygen based oxidizing gases to the combustion chamber;
- directing said first oxidizing gas in a jet along the central axis of the combustion chamber;
- directing said hydrocarbon fuel into said combustion chamber about the central jet of said first oxidizing gas so that said hydrocarbon fuel is caused to be mixed with said first oxidizing gas to stabilize combustion within the combustion chamber;
- directing said second oxidizing gas into said combustion chamber directed to mix inside said combustion chamber with said hydrocarbon fuel in the flame core, and to mix with the hydrocarbon fuel outside said combustion chamber, creating the final flame pattern;
- controlling the ratio of fuel to total oxygen in said two oxidizing gases to enable efficient use of both said fuel and said oxidizing gases;
- and
- controlling the ratio of air to total oxygen in said two oxydizing gases for controlling the temperature of the hydrocarbon flame.
An economizing method of hydrocarbon fluid fuel combustion in an ongoing hydrocarbon flame formed in a combustion chamber within a fluid cooled combustion block, to reduce the consumption of fuel and pure oxygen in heating processes, comprising the steps of:
- separately supplying hydrocarbon fluid fuel and two different oxygen based oxidizing gases to a fluid cooled combustion chamber;
- directing said hydrocarbon fuel in a jet along the central axis of the combustion chamber;
- directing said first oxidizing gas having a given oxygen concentration into said combustion chamber in a stream directed about said hydrocarbon fuel so that said hydrocarbon fuel is caused to be mixed with said first oxidizing gas to stabilize combustion within the combustion chamber;
- directing said second oxidizing gas having different oxygen concentration from said first oxidizing gas into said combustion chamber in a stream directed about and toward said flame core;
- and
- controlling the flow of said hydrocarbon fuel and said two oxidizing gases.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.