Non-aqueous electrochemical cell
AssigneeUnion Carbide Corporation
InventorsGeorge E. Blomgren, Marvin L. Kronenberg
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Abstract
The invention relates to the use in a non-aqueous electrochemical cell of an electrolyte comprising a solute dissolved in a solvent which is an oxyhalide of an element of Group V or Group VI of the Periodic Table. The oxyhalide solvent serves the dual function of acting as the solvent for the electrolyte salt and as the active cathode depolarizer of the cell.
Claims44
A non-aqueous electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a cathode collector and a cathode-electrolyte, said cathode-electrolyte consisting of an ionically conductive solution of a salt dissolved in an active cathode depolarizer wherein the sole active cathode depolarizer is a liquid oxyhalide of an element of Group V or Group VI of the Periodic Table or mixtures thereof.
A non-aqueous electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a cathode collector and a cathode-electrolyte, said cathode-electrolyte consisting of an ionically conductive solution of a salt dissolved in an active cathode depolarizer and an organic co-solvent wherein the sole active cathode depolarizer is a liquid oxyhalide of an element of Group V or Group VI of the Periodic Table or mixtures thereof.
An electrochemical cell consisting essentially of an oxidizable active anode material;
- a solid, non-consumable, electrically conducting, inert cathode current collector;
- said anode material being more electropositive than said cathode current collector and thus said anode material is oxidized during operation of said cell;
- and an electrolytic solution between and in contact with said anode and said cathode current collector, said electrolytic solution consisting essentially of a liquid, electrochemically reducible, covalent inorganic oxyhalide solvent and a solute dissolved therein, said inorganic solvent being the sole oxidant material and sole solvent material in said electrolytic solution;
- said inorganic solvent being electrochemically reduced upon the surface of said cathode current collector, whereby said inorganic solvent in conjunction with said oxidizable anode material serves as a source of electrical energy during operation of said cell.
An electrochemical cell consisting essentially of an oxidizable active anode material;
- a solid, non-consumable, electrically conducting, inert cathode current collector;
- said anode material being more electropositive than said cathode current collector and thus said anode material is oxidized during operation of said cell;
- an electrolytic solution between and in contact with said anode material and said cathode current collector, said electrolytic solution consisting essentially of a liquid, electrochemically reducible covalent inorganic oxyhalide solvent and a solute dissolved therein;
- said inorganic solvent being selected from the group consisting of thionyl bromide, selenium oxychloride, mixtures thereof, and mixtures thereof with phosphorus oxychloride, thionyl chloride or sulfuryl chloride;
- said inorganic solvent being the sole oxidant material and sole solvent material in said electrolytic solution;
- said inorganic solvent being electrochemically reduced upon the surface of said cathode current collector, whereby said inorganic solvent in conjunction with said oxidizable anode material serves as a source of electrical energy during operation of said cell.
An electrochemical cell consisting essentially of an oxidizable active anode material;
- a solid, non-consumable electrically conducting, inert cathode current collector;
- said anode material being more electropositive than said cathode current collector and thus said anode material is oxidized during operation of said cell;
- and an electrolytic solution between and in contact with said anode material and said cathode current collector, said electrolytic solution consisting essentially of a liquid, electrochemically reducible covalent inorganic oxyhalide solvent and a solute dissolved therein;
- said inorganic solvent comprising phosphorus oxychloride and a cosolvent material selected from the group consisting of thionyl bromide, selenium oxychloride, thionyl chloride or sulfuryl chloride;
- said inorganic solvent being the sole oxidant material and sole solvent material in said electrolytic solution;
- said inorganic solvent being electrochemically reduced upon the surface of said cathode current collector, whereby said inorganic solvent in conjunction with said oxidizable anode material serves as a source of electrical energy during operation of said cell.
An electrochemical cell consisting essentially of an oxidizable active anode material;
- a solid, non-consumable, electrically conducting, inert cathode current collector;
- said anode material being more electropositive than said cathode current collector and thus said anode material is oxidized during operation of said cell;
- and an electrolyte solution consisting essentially of a liquid, electrochemically reducible, covalent inorganic oxyhalide solvent and a solute dissolved therein, said inorganic solvent being free of sulfur dioxide;
- said inorganic solvent being electrochemically reduced upon the surface of said cathode current collector, whereby said inorganic solvent in conjunction with said oxidizable anode material serves as a source of electrical energy during operation of said cell.
An electrochemical cell consisting essentially of an oxidizable active anode material;
- a solid, non-consumable, electrically conducting, inert cathode current collector;
- said anode material being more electropositive than said cathode current collector and thus said anode material is oxidized during operation of said cell;
- and an electrolytic solution consisting essentially of a liquid, electrochemically reducible covalent inorganic oxyhalide solvent and a solute dissolved therein;
- said inorganic solvent being selected from the group consisting of thionyl bromide, selenium oxychloride, mixtures thereof, and mixtures thereof with phosphorus oxychloride, thionyl chloride or sulfuryl chloride;
- said inorganic solvent being free of sulfur dioxide;
- said inorganic solvent being electrochemically reduced upon the surface of said cathode current collector, whereby said inorganic solvent in conjunction with said oxidizable anode material serves as a source of electrical energy during operation of said cell.
An electrochemical cell consisting essentially of an oxidizable active anode material;
- a solid, non-consumable electrically conducting, inert cathode current collector;
- said anode material being more electropositive than said cathode current collector and thus said anode material is oxidized during operation of said cell;
- and an electrolytic solution consisting essentially of a liquid, electrochemically reducible covalent inorganic oxyhalide solvent and a solute dissolved therein;
- said inorganic solvent comprising phosphorus oxychloride and a cosolvent material selected from the group consisting of thionyl bromide, selenium oxychloride, thionyl chloride or sulfuryl chloride;
- said inorganic solvent being free of sulfur dioxide;
- said inorganic solvent being electrochemically reduced upon the surface of said cathode current collector, whereby said inorganic solvent in conjunction with said oxidizable anode material serves as a source of electrical energy during operation of said cell.
A non-aqueous electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a porous cathode collector of a carbonaceous material and a cathode-electrolyte, said cathode-electrolyte comprising a solution of an ionically conductive solute dissolved in a liquid active cathode depolarizer wherein said active cathode depolarizer consists of at least one liquid oxyhalide of an element of Group V or Group VI of the Periodic Table and wherein said at least one liquid oxyhalide is the sole active cathode depolarizer.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.