Non-polluting, antifouling composition and method
AssigneeThe United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy
InventorsEdward J. Dyckman, Jean A. Montemarano, Eugene C. Fischer, Robert R. Ressler
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Abstract
Objects which are designed to be submersed or submerged are rendered antiling by using an organotin polymer wherein the tin is chemically combined in or bonded to the polymer. The polymer inhibits fouling of the exposed surface of the object while minimizing the effect on the surrounding environment due to reduced leaching of the organometallic compound from the polymer.
Claims35
A nonpolluting, antifouling composition consisting essentially of a 1,2 epoxy polymer and a curing agent for the epoxy polymer, wherein said curing agent comprises an active hydrogen containing compound capable of crosslinking the epoxy polymer, said compound having as a substituent a carboxylic acid group which is chemically bonded to an organo-tin compound selected from the group consisting of tin oxides and tin hydroxides of the formula:
- ##EQU1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the group consisting of propyl, butyl, phenyl and benzyl, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different, and wherein said curing agent acts to crosslink the epoxy polymer.
A method for preventing the growth of fouling organisms on marine structures which comprises forming said structures from a nonpolluting organo-tin containing 1,2 epoxy polymer wherein the epoxy polymer is chemically bonded to an organo-tin compound selected from the group consisting of tin oxides and tin hydroxides of the formula:
- ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the group consisting of propyl, butyl, phenyl and benzyl, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different, by an esterification reaction between the organo-tin compound and a carboxylic acid group present on the epoxy polymer.
A method for preventing the growth of fouling organisms on marine structures which comprises applying to said structures a coating of a non-polluting organo-tin containing 1,2 epoxy polymer wherein the epoxy polymer is chemically bonded to an organo-tin compound selected from the group consisting of tin oxides and tin hydroxides of the formula:
- ##STR4## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the group consisting of propyl, butyl, phenyl and benzyl, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different, by an esterification reaction between the organo-tin compound and a carboxylic acid group present on the epoxy polymer.
A method for preventing the growth of fouling organisms on marine structures which comprises impregnating said structures with a non-polluting organo-tin containing 1,2 epoxy polymer wherein the epoxy polymer is chemically bonded to an organo-tin compound selected from the group consisting of tin oxides and tin hydroxides of the formula:
- ##STR5## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the group consisting of propyl, butyl, phenyl and benzyl, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different, by an esterification reaction between the organo-tin compound and a carboxylic acid group present on the epoxy polymer.
A nonpolluting, antifouling composition consisting essentially of an organo-tin containing epoxy polymer wherein said epoxy polymer is of the formula:
- ##SPC4##
- wherein R.sub.a and R.sub.b are alkyl groups of up to 25 carbon atoms, R.sub.a and R.sub.b are the same or different, and n represents the number of repeating units and ranges from 1 to about 35,000, and is chemically bonded directly through the carboxyl groups on the polymer backbone to an organo-tin compound selected from the group consisting of tin oxides and tin hydroxides of the formula:
- ##STR6## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the group consisting of propyl, butyl, phenyl and benzyl, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different.
A nonpolluting, antifouling composition consisting essentially of an organo-tin containing epoxy polymer wherein said epoxy polymer is a condensation product of epichlorohydrin and 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) pentanoic acid and is chemically bonded directly through the carboxyl groups on the polymer backbone to an organo tin compound selected from the group consisting of tin oxides and tin hydroxides of the formula:
- ##STR7## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the group consisting of propyl, butyl, phenyl and benzyl, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.