Systems and methods for personalized breath based glycemic monitoring and projected a1c trend estimation

A non-invasive glycemic monitoring system, comprising:

• a breath-sensing device comprising a housing, a breath inlet region, at least one volatile organic compound (VOC) sensor, at least one humidity sensor, at least one temperature sensor, a processor, and a wireless communication interface;
• and
• at least one computing device in communication with the breath-sensing device and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one computing device to:
• receive a lab-derived A1C baseline for a user;
• receive breath-session data from the breath-sensing device for a plurality of breath sessions acquired from the user over time;
• evaluate sample quality and normalize the breath-session data using humidity data and temperature data to derive glucose-correlated breath metrics for accepted breath sessions;
• initialize and update a personalized model for the user using the lab-derived A1C baseline and the glucose-correlated breath metrics;
• store a rolling history of the accepted breath sessions;
• and generate, for presentation in a user interface, a projected A1C trend and a daily progress score or zone output.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:

• receive breath-derived input from repeated breath sessions of a user;
• receive a lab-derived A1C anchor for the user;
• receive at least one external glucose input selected from a continuous glucose monitor input, a finger-stick input, and an external application programming interface input;
• use a personalization or data-fusion engine to combine the breath-derived input, the lab-derived A1C anchor, and the at least one external glucose input to generate a projected A1C output and a daily score or zone output for the user;
• perform an anomaly cross-check on at least one of the breath-derived input, the projected A1C output, or the daily score or zone output;
• and
• generate a report or export output based on at least the projected A1C output and the daily score or zone output.