Cardiac leaflet coapters

A cardiac assembly for application to a native atrioventricular valve of a heart, the cardiac assembly comprising:

• a prosthetic heart valve, which is configured to replace function of the native atrioventricular valve, and which comprises a frame and a plurality of prosthetic leaflets that are coupled to the frame and are configured to coapt with one another during each cardiac cycle;
• and
• a ventricular anchor, which comprises one or more wires, and which is configured be positioned in a ventricle of the heart so as to support the prosthetic heart valve, and which comprises:
• a proximal subannular anchor, which (a) comprises a digitate anchor that (i) is defined at least in part by at least one of the one or more wires, (ii) is shaped so as to define a plurality of fingers having a plurality of curved superior peaks, and (b) is configured to be positioned at least partially in a target subannular space defined by the target native leaflet and a superior portion of a ventricular wall of the ventricle, such that (i) the curved superior peaks point in a superior direction and engage a subannular surface of the target native leaflet, and (ii) one or more of the fingers engage chordae tendineae that extend between the target native leaflet and the superior portion of the ventricular wall, so as to stabilize the cardiac assembly, and
• a distal anchor, which is configured to be positioned partially against the ventricular wall outside the target subannular space, so as to push on the proximal subannular anchor to help anchor the proximal subannular anchor in place within the target subannular space.

A cardiac assembly for application to a native atrioventricular valve of a heart, the cardiac assembly comprising:

• a spacer, which is configured to replace improve function of the native atrioventricular valve by interacting with at least a portion of at least one leaflet of the native atrioventricular valve so as to at least partially restrict blood flow through the native atrioventricular valve when the native atrioventricular valve is closed during each cardiac cycle;
• and
• a ventricular anchor, which comprises one or more wires, and which is configured be positioned in a ventricle of the heart so as to support the spacer, and which comprises:
• a proximal subannular anchor, which (a) comprises a digitate anchor that (i) is defined at least in part by at least one of the one or more wires, (ii) is shaped so as to define a plurality of fingers having a plurality of curved superior peaks, and (b) is configured to be positioned at least partially in a target subannular space defined by the target native leaflet and a superior portion of a ventricular wall of the ventricle, such that (i) the curved superior peaks point in a superior direction and engage a subannular surface of the target native leaflet, and (ii) one or more of the fingers engage chordae tendineae that extend between the target native leaflet and the superior portion of the ventricular wall, so as to stabilize the cardiac assembly, and
• a distal anchor, which is configured to be positioned partially against the ventricular wall outside the target subannular space, so as to push on the proximal subannular anchor help anchor the proximal subannular anchor in place within the target subannular space.

A cardiac assembly for application to a native atrioventricular valve of a heart, the cardiac assembly comprising:

• a cardiac treatment device, which is configured to replace or improve function of the native atrioventricular valve;
• and
• a ventricular anchor, which comprises one or more wires, and which is configured to be positioned in a ventricle of the heart so as to support the cardiac treatment device, and which comprises:
• a proximal subannular anchor, which (a) comprises a digitate anchor that (i) is defined at least in part by at least one of the one or more wires, (ii) is shaped so as to define a plurality of fingers having a plurality of curved superior peaks, and (iii) comprises a digitate cover, which is coupled to one or more of the fingers, and is digitate-shaped like the fingers, and (b) is configured to be positioned at least partially in a target subannular space defined by the target native leaflet and a superior portion of a ventricular wall of the ventricle, such that (i) the curved superior peaks point in a superior direction and engage a subannular surface of the target native leaflet, and (ii) one or more of the fingers engage chordae tendineae that extend between the target native leaflet and the superior portion of the ventricular wall, so as to stabilize the cardiac assembly, and
• a distal anchor, which is configured to be positioned partially against the ventricular wall outside the target subannular space, so as to push on the proximal subannular anchor to help anchor the proximal subannular anchor in place within the target subannular space.

A cardiac assembly for application to a native atrioventricular valve of a heart, the cardiac assembly comprising:

• a cardiac treatment device, which is configured to replace or improve function of the native atrioventricular valve;
• and
• a ventricular anchor, which is configured to be positioned in a ventricle of the heart so as to support the cardiac treatment device, and which comprises:
• a proximal subannular anchor, which is configured to be positioned at least partially in a target subannular space defined by the target native leaflet and a superior portion of a ventricular wall of the ventricle;
• and
• a distal anchor, which (a) is defined at least in part by at least one of the one or more wires shaped as a distal wire loop, (b) comprises a wire-loop covering that covers at least a portion of the distal wire loop, and (c) is configured to be positioned partially against the ventricular wall outside the target subannular space, so as to push on the proximal subannular anchor to help anchor the proximal subannular anchor in place within the target subannular space.

A cardiac assembly for application to a native atrioventricular valve of a heart, the cardiac assembly comprising:

• a ventricular anchor, which is configured to be positioned in a ventricle of the heart, and which comprises:
• (i) a proximal subannular anchor, which is configured to be positioned at least partially in a target subannular space defined by the target native leaflet and a superior portion of a ventricular wall of the ventricle;
• and
• (ii) a distal anchor, which is configured to be positioned partially against the ventricular wall outside the target subannular space, so as to push on the proximal subannular anchor to help anchor the proximal subannular anchor in place within the target subannular space;
• a cardiac treatment device, which is configured to replace or improve function of the native atrioventricular valve;
• an atrial-surface support, which is configured to be disposed below or at a level of an annulus of the native atrioventricular valve and against an atrial surface of the target native leaflet when the proximal subannular anchor is positioned at least partially in the target subannular space;
• and
• a proximal supra-leaflet support, which is coupled to the atrial-surface support,
• wherein (a) the atrial-surface support and the proximal supra-leaflet support and (b) the proximal subannular anchor are configured to grasp and sandwich at least a portion of the target native leaflet, in order to support the cardiac treatment device, and to orient the cardiac treatment device with respect to the native atrioventricular valve.

A cardiac assembly for application to a native atrioventricular valve of a heart, the cardiac assembly comprising:

• a ventricular anchor, which is configured to be positioned in a ventricle of the heart, and which comprises:
• (i) a proximal subannular anchor, which is configured to be positioned at least partially in a target subannular space defined by the target native leaflet and a superior portion of a ventricular wall of the ventricle;
• and
• (ii) a distal anchor, which is configured to be positioned partially against the ventricular wall outside the target subannular space, so as to push on the proximal subannular anchor to help anchor the proximal subannular anchor in place within the target subannular space;
• a cardiac treatment device, which is configured to replace or improve function of the native atrioventricular valve;
• and
• one or more proximal loops.