A container for transporting and/or storing radioactive materials, the container comprising a container body formed by a lateral body, a bottom and a removable lid, the bottom and the lid being spaced apart from each other along a longitudinal central axis of the container, and the body delimiting a cavity for housing the radioactive materials, the container including at least one radiological protection enclosure formed by enclosure wall elements, each radiological protection enclosure delimiting with its enclosure wall elements a single space wherein a radiological protection device is disposed,
- wherein the radiation protection device includes a plurality of prefabricated radiation protection blocks arranged in succession along a given direction of the container, so as to face each other in said direction, within said single space,
- at least several of said plurality of blocks being each held on at least one of the enclosure wall elements by at least one holding member cooperating with this block and with said at least one of the associated enclosure wall elements,
- said plurality of prefabricated blocks defining, within said single space, several inter-block gaps along said given direction, each inter-block gap being defined between two blocks arranged in direct succession along said direction.