Welding protection device, welding system, position adjustment method, and welding method

A welding protection device, comprising:

• a housing, comprising a protection body and a shield, wherein the protection body and the shield define a protection cavity in an enclosing manner, and the shield is capable of extending and retracting;
• a protection assembly, disposed on the housing, wherein a plurality of protection assemblies are provided, the protection assembly has a welding zone in communication with the protection cavity, the welding zone penetrates through the protection assembly, and the welding zone is configured for a welding nozzle to pass therethrough for welding;
• and
• a drive assembly, disposed on the protection body, wherein the drive assembly is configured to drive the protection assembly and/or the protection body to move, such that at least one of the protection assemblies and the shield move, and an extending and retracting direction of each shield is arranged along a movement direction corresponding to the protection assembly, so as to restrict welding materials from escaping from the protection cavity.