Optically transparent reflector metasurface for millimeter wave beamforming

A device, comprising:

• a substantially optically transparent reflective surface, the reflective surface comprising respective unit cells arranged on a plane, the respective unit cells comprising a unit cell, and
• the unit cell comprising:
• a metallic resonator;
• a mesh ground plane comprising a lattice of distributed openings beneath the metallic resonator;
• and
• a portion of an optically transparent or substantially optically transparent substrate beneath the mesh ground plane.

A metasurface, comprising:

• an array of unit cells arranged to reflect a reflected beamformed instance of an impinging electromagnetic wave, the array of unit cells comprising a subarray comprising at least some of the unit cells, wherein the subarray is substantially optically transparent;
• a first unit cell of the subarray, the first unit cell comprising:
• a first metallic resonator,
• a first mesh ground plane area comprising a first honeycomb lattice of first openings beneath the first metallic resonator,
• a first portion of an optically transparent or substantially optically transparent substrate beneath the first mesh ground plane;
• and
• a second unit cell of the subarray, the second unit cell comprising:
• a second metallic resonator,
• a second mesh ground plane area comprising a second honeycomb lattice of second distributed openings beneath the second metallic resonator, and
• a second portion of the optically transparent or substantially optically transparent substrate beneath the second mesh ground plane,
• wherein the first metallic resonator and the first mesh ground plane area correspond to a first phase response that reflects a first portion of the impinging beam in a first reflection direction,
• wherein the second metallic resonator and the second mesh ground plane area correspond to a second phase response that reflects a second portion of the impinging beam in a second reflection direction, and
• wherein the first reflection direction and the second reflection direction constructively interfere as part of the reflected beamformed instance.