Multimode transmission medium optical photonic wavefront sensor and photonic wavefront sensing system including a trained expert system

Apparatus for light/wavefront sensing, the apparatus comprising:

• a) a multimode transmission medium;
• b) a first optical system configured to receive a light having a spectral range of interest, and focus the light received onto a first surface of the multimode transmission medium;
• c) an imaging device;
• d) a second optical system configured to focus a speckle pattern from light exiting a second surface of the multimode transmission medium onto an imaging plane of the imaging device;
• and
• e) an expert system that has been trained to predict at least one of (A) phase(s) and/or (B) amplitude(s) of light received from a speckle pattern, the expert system configured to
• 1) receive a speckle pattern image from the imaging device, and
• 2) generate at least one of (A) phase(s) and/or (B) amplitude(s) of the light received and focused onto the first surface of the multimode transmission medium.