Urolithin derivatives and methods of use thereof

A compound of Formula (Id):

• wherein
• A is
• Y2 is O;
• Y3 and Y4 are independently selected from H, halogen and alkyl;
• or together with the carbon to which they are bonded combine to form a cycloalkyl or heterocycloalkyl;
• R1, R4, R5, and R8 are independently selected from H and halogen;
• R2, R3, R6, and R7 are independently selected from H, OH, OCH3, OAc, NH2, halogen, CN, CF3, CO2H, NO2, NHAc, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, alkylamino, alkyl-R9, alkenyl-R9, alkynyl-R9, OR10, NHR10, NR11C(O)R12, C(O)NR11R12, and NR11SO2R12;
• each occurrence of R9 is independently selected from OH, NH2, O-alkyl, O-alkyl-O-alkyl, alkylamino, NHC(O)-alkyl, N(CH3)C(O)-alkyl, NHSO2-alkyl, N(CH3)SO2-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, and heterocycloalkyl;
• R10 is selected from C2-C12 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkyl-O-alkyl, alkyl-O-alkyl-OH, alkyl-O-alkyl-O-alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, alkyl-cycloalkyl, alkyl-heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, SO3H, SO2-alkyl, and SO2-haloalkyl;
• each occurrence of R11 is selected from H and alkyl;
• each occurrence of R12 is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, O-alkyl, aminoalkyl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, alkyl-cycloalkyl, and alkyl-heterocycloalkyl;
• and
• provided that when Y2 is O, R2 and R7 are each OH, R1, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R8 are each H, then X3 and X4 are not both halogen,
• or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.