Elementary particle detector and associated detection method

An elementary particle detector configured to detect at least one elementary particle, the elementary particle detector comprising:

• dynodes stacked along a detection direction between a receiving end and a reading end, wherein each dynode is capable of converting an elementary particle entering the dynode into an electron avalanche, the dynode comprising a plurality of channels which comprise an emissive material capable, in response to an impact of the elementary particle, of generating, on average, more than one electron;
• conductive grids where each conductive grid is either interposed between two adjacent dynodes or disposed at the reading end and/or at the receiving end, each conductive grid being capable of being crossed by electrons, and being defined by a unique electrical potential to allow the application of a potential difference with at least one other conductive grid along the detection direction, the potential difference being likely to accelerate electrons between the two conductive grids, each unique electrical potential being chosen so that the unique electrical potential of the conductive grid is strictly lower than the unique electrical potential applied to the conductive grid which succeeds it along the detection direction;
• at least one signal sensor capable of measuring an electrical signal produced by the accelerated electrons when they cross the conductive grids, the electrical signal depending on the potential differences applied between the conductive grids;
• a control unit configured to determine, from the electrical signal measured by the signal sensor, a conversion dynode corresponding to the dynode at which the conversion of the elementary particle has taken place.