Multilateral quantum teleportation method and apparatus

Alice comprising:

• one or more transceivers;
• one or more processors controlling the one or more transceivers;
• and
• a memory including one or more instructions performed by the one or more processors,
• wherein the one or more instructions comprise
• forming a first Bell state resource between a first qubit and a qubit included in Charlie;
• receiving 1-bit classical information from the Charlie;
• determining whether to perform a bit flip operation in the first qubit based on the 1-bit classical information;
• transforming a three-qubit state from among the first qubit, the qubit included in the Charlie, and a qubit included in Bob into a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state;
• receiving qubit information forming a 2-qubit entanglement state with the qubit included in the Bob in the first qubit based on entanglement teleportation using the GHZ state;
• and
• performing a local controlled not (CNOT) operation having the first qubit as a control qubit and a second qubit as a target qubit.

A method comprising:

• forming a Bell state between a first qubit and a second qubit included in Charlie;
• receiving, from the Charlie, a result of performing a Bell state measurement for a fourth qubit forming a Bell state with the second qubit included in the Charlie and a third qubit included in Bob;
• restoring states of the first qubit and the third qubit included in the Bob to a preset bell state based on the result of performing the Bell state measurement;
• receiving qubit information from the Charlie in a fifth qubit based on quantum teleportation;
• performing a local controlled not (CNOT) operation having the fifth qubit as a control qubit and a sixth qubit as a target qubit;
• and
• performing a non-local CNOT operation having the fifth qubit as a control qubit and a seventh qubit included in the Bob as a target qubit based on Bell state resource formed in the first qubit and the second qubit.