Artificial dielectric material, lens unit, fabrication method for the lens unit, and lens antenna

A lens unit, comprising an artificial dielectric material, the artificial dielectric material being used to cooperate with a feed unit and comprising:

• a substrate, configured as a porous structure and defining a plurality of microporous chambers;
• and
• a plurality of conductive materials, disposed on all side walls of the plurality of microporous chambers and spaced apart with one another, wherein a shape of the plurality of microporous chambers and/or at least one of a shape, a size, or density of the plurality of conductive materials are adjusted to obtain desired effective dielectric constants;
• wherein an electrical length of each of the plurality of conductive materials in a polarization direction of a dipole of the feed unit is less than or equal to 1/20 wavelength of a center frequency of a frequency range supported by the feed unit;
• wherein each of the plurality of conductive materials is of a one-dimensional structure or a two-dimensional structure, at least part of the plurality of conductive materials is disposed facing towards a radiation surface of the feed unit, and an angle between a polarization direction of the feed unit and an extension direction of each of the plurality of conductive materials is less than 90°.

A lens antenna, comprising:

• a lens unit, comprising a substrate and a plurality of conductive materials, wherein the substrate is of a porous structure, the substrate defines a plurality of microporous chambers, and the plurality of conductive materials are disposed on all side walls of the plurality of microporous chambers and spaced apart with one another;
• and
• at least one feed unit, disposed facing towards or close to the lens unit, wherein a radiation surface of the at least one feed unit is disposed facing towards at least part of the plurality of conductive materials, and an angle between a polarization direction of the at least one feed unit and an extension direction of each of the plurality of conductive materials is less than or equal to a preset angle;
• wherein an electrical length of each of the plurality of conductive materials in a polarization direction of a dipole of the feed unit is less than or equal to 1/20 wavelength of a center frequency of a frequency range supported by the feed unit;
• wherein each of the plurality of conductive materials is of a one-dimensional structure or a two-dimensional structure, at least part of the plurality of conductive materials is disposed facing towards a radiation surface of the feed unit, and the angle between the polarization direction of the at least one feed unit and the extension direction of each of the plurality of conductive materials is less than 90°;
• wherein the at least one feed unit is rotatable relative to the lens unit, to make an angle between the extension direction of each of the plurality of conductive materials and the polarization direction of the at least one feed unit adjustable;
• wherein when the angle between the extension direction of each of the plurality of conductive materials and the polarization direction of the at least one feed unit is adjusted to a first angle range, a first beam is formed after passing through the lens unit by the at least one feed unit;
• wherein when the angle between the extension direction of each of the plurality of conductive materials and the polarization direction of the at least one feed unit is adjusted to a second angle range, a second beam is formed after passing through the lens unit by the at least one feed unit;
• and
• wherein when the angle between the extension direction of each of the plurality of conductive materials and the polarization direction of the at least one feed unit is adjusted to a third angle range, a third beam is formed after passing through the lens unit by the at least one feed unit;
• and
• wherein a maximum of the first angle range is less than a minimum of the second angle range, and a maximum of the second angle range is less than a minimum of the third angle range;
• a beam width of the first beam is smaller than a beam width of the second beam, and the beam width of the second beam is smaller than a beam width of the third beam;
• and a beam gain of the first beam is greater than a beam gain of the second beam, and the beam gain of the second beam is greater than a beam gain of the third beam.