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OwnerSandeep Unnikrishnan, Hossein Mardanpour Mollalar +1inventors
InventorsSandeep Unnikrishnan, Hossein Mardanpour Mollalar, Namdar Kazemi
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The present disclosure provides as an electrode 1, comprising a 3D composite current collector 2 having an electrically conductive substrate current collector 3 with a plurality of laterally distributed electrically conductive upstanding scaffolding elements 4 that comprise carbon-based protrusions 6 covered by a passivation layer 10 for shielding the pillar from a direct contact with an electrode or electrolyte material, whereby said passivation layer (10) is comprised of a first composition (10c) allowing electron transport to the substrate and resistive to transport of lithium across the passivation layer. In a preferred embodiment the electrode is coated with a stack of functional battery layers including one or more of a seed layer 20, an anode metal layer 30, and an anode passivation layer 40. The present disclosure further relates to a manufacturing method and an energy storage device comprising the electrode.
An electrode (1), comprising
The electrode according to any of the preceding claims wherein the passivation layer (10) includes a metal layer, which metal layer optionally includes a portion extending along a face of the substrate thereby interconnecting adjacent ones of the electrically conductive upstanding scaffolding elements.
The electrode according to any of the preceding claims, wherein passivation layer (10) includes a layer of a semi-conducting ceramic.
The electrode according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a sublayer extending between the protrusion and the passivation layer (10), said sublayer consisting of an electric insulator and not interconnecting adjacent ones of the electrically conductive upstanding scaffolding element.
The electrode according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first composition (10c) comprises a metal or metal alloy, selected from:
The electrode according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first composition (10c) comprises an electrical insulator having a thickness and resistivity configured to form a tunnel junction.
The electrode according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising an intermediate layer between the scaffolding elements (4) and the substrate current collector (3), wherein said intermediate layer is chemically inert toward the substrate current collector (3).
The electrode according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the electrode (1) further comprises a seed layer (20) that at least partially covers an outer face of the scaffolding elements (4) for receiving an anode metal composition (30c), wherein the seed layer (20) comprises a composition (20c) selected for alloying with alkali anode metal.
The electrode according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising an alkali metal anode layer (30) covering the plurality of scaffolding elements (4).
The electrode according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising an electrically insulating cap (50) covering the tops (s4) of the scaffolding elements (4).
The electrode according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising an electrolyte (60) covering the scaffolding elements (4).
The electrode according to any of the preceding claims, further, comprising particles of an anode or cathode material (30c,120c).
The electrode according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the scaffolding element has an aspect ratio as defined by a height of divided by its width in a range of 1:1 to 20:1.
The electrode (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the electrically conductive substrate (3) is provided as flexible metal foil or as a metal coated flexible carrier.
The electrode (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the laterally distributed electrically conductive upstanding scaffolding elements are segmented in sectors having a lateral separation aligned in accordance with a substrate bending axis.
The electrode (1) according to any of the preceding claims, comprising respective ones of the scaffolding elements (4-1, 4-2) on opposing sides of the electrically conductive substrate (3).
An energy storage device (100) comprising the electrode (1), according to any of the preceding claims.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.