Methods and apparatus for reader discovery, selection and reselection in ambient internet of things (aiot) systems

A wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU), the WTRU operating in radio resource control (RRC) connected mode in a first ambient internet of things (AIOT) cell, the WTRU comprising:

• at least one transceiver and at least one processor, wherein:
• the at least one transceiver and at least one processor are configured to receive, from a base station in the first AIOT cell, a command triggering a transition to an inactive mode of operation, wherein the command triggering a transition to an inactive mode of operation comprises a first measurement bias to be applied to a measurement result during evaluation of non-AIOT cells, and a second measurement bias to be applied to a measurement result during evaluation of AIOT cells;
• the at least one transceiver and at least one processor are configured to determine a first measurement result from a second cell, and apply, based on a determination that the second cell is a non-AIOT cell, the first measurement bias to the first measurement result;
• the at least one transceiver and at least one processor are configured to determine a second measurement result from a third cell, and apply, based on a determination that the third cell is an AIOT cell, the second measurement bias to the second measurement result;
• the at least one transceiver and at least one processor are configured to select, based on the biased first measurement result and the biased second measurement result, the second cell;
• and
• the at least one transceiver and at least one processor are configured to send, to an application layer, based on selecting the second cell, an indication that the selected cell does not support AIOT operations.