Methods, architectures, apparatuses, and systems for phase-based sensing

A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) in communication with a wireless network, the WTRU comprising:

• a processor;
• and
• a transceiver coupled to the processor, wherein the WTRU is configured to:
• receive, from the wireless network, environmental object (EO) reference information;
• receive, from the wireless network, positioning reference signal (PRS) resources;
• based on the PRS resources, determine:
• direct path reference phase information and direct path reference delay information for a direct path between the WTRU and the wireless network, and
• a respective phase measurement and a respective delay measurement for each of a plurality of sensing paths for a target object;
• analyze, to identify at least one path of the plurality of sensing paths associated with an EO, the direct path reference phase information, the direct path reference delay information, and the EO reference information for each of the plurality of sensing paths;
• based on the analyzing, determine a respective compensated phase measurement and a respective delay measurement for each of the at least one of the plurality of sensing paths based on the direct path reference phase information and the direct path reference delay information for the direct path;
• and
• transmit a report to the wireless network indicating the compensated phase measurements.