Système de chirurgie orthopédique humaine et procédé de planification d'implantation

A system for human orthopaedic surgery for restoring the volume and/or the geometry of a bone, by expanding at least one expandable bone implant (1) between a folded configuration and a deployed configuration, the implant comprising a body extending along a longitudinal axis (L) between a proximal end (11) adapted to engage with an implantation instrument (A) for holding the implant and a distal end (12) configured to be firstly inserted into the bone, the system comprising a plurality of expandable bone implants (1) and at least one (1) and at least one implantation instrument (A) corresponding to each of said implants (1), with reference to at least one standardized classification of the various types of fractures identified, in particular vertebral compression fractures, wherein said implants:

• extend along a longitudinal axis (L) between a proximal end (11) connectable to an implantation instrument (A) for holding the implant (1) and a distal end (12) intended to be inserted first into the bone;
• are deployable from a folded configuration to a deployed configuration;
• are selected from:
• d) an implant comprising a hollow body whose wall is formed by a sheet (10) of a biocompatible metal alloy, sealed on itself between said proximal (11) and distal (12) ends and having, at least in the folded configuration, a plurality of pairs of folds lying on top of each other and wound around the longitudinal axis (L), said proximal (11) and distal (12) ends comprising, respectively, a ring providing an entrance to the interior of the hollow body and a base closing the hollow body, said ring and said base being sealed to the folds lying on top of each other and wound around said sheet (10) over the entire periphery of their respective proximal (11) or distal (12) ends, said sheet (10) being plastically deformable to allow the implant to expand from the folded configuration to the deployed configuration when a fluid is injected into the implant (1);
• e) an implant in which at least two faces, each comprise a plate (13, 14) for contact with bone tissue and are connected, via at least one hinge, to at least one pair of support arms (131, 141) each oriented in opposite directions toward one of said distal (11) and proximal (12) ends, the implant (1) comprising a central axis (3) or a housing capable of receiving such an axis extending through a sliding sleeve at the proximal end (11) to a traction ring or sleeve at the distal end (12) to allow the said ends to be brought closer together, causing the support arms (131, 141) to pivot, causing the plates (13, 14) to move apart and the implant to expand, and either:
• at least two other faces of said implant are each covered by and secured to at least one sheet (10) of a biocompatible metal alloy in a sealed manner, said sheet (10) comprising a plurality of folds laid one on top of the other in a folded configuration, said sheet being plastically deformable with a total surface area greater than or equal to the lateral surface area of the implant in the deployed configuration so as to form a sealed compartment capable of receiving a fluid inside the cavity obtained by the expansion of the implant;
• an envelope formed by a sheet (10) of a biocompatible metal alloy, sealed shut on itself and enclosing said implant from the proximal end (11) to the distal end (12), said sheet (10) having a plurality of pairs of folds lying on top of each other and wound around the longitudinal axis (L) said proximal (11) and distal (12) ends comprising, respectively, a ring providing an entrance to the interior of the hollow body and a base closing the hollow body, said ring and said base being sealed to the folds lying on top of each other and wound around said sheet (10) over the entire periphery of their respective proximal (11) or distal (12) ends, said sheet (10) being plastically deformable to allow the implant to expand from the folded configuration to the deployed configuration when a fluid is injected into the implant (1);
• f) an implant (1) having at least two faces, each comprising at least one plate (13, 14, 15), each supported by at least two support arms (131, 141, 151) via a respective hinge, an expansion sleeve or ring (20), at least two expansion arms (132, 142, 152) each comprising a hinge connecting them to one of the ends of one of the plates (13, 14, 15) and a hinge connecting them to an expansion sleeve or ring (20) that can be moved away from a central axis