An intelligent decision-making and control system for a microchemical reaction in stepwise sulfidation of a high arsenic-contained waste acid from copper smelter, comprising a stepwise sulfidation module, a real-time monitoring module, an intelligent decision-making module, and a terminal execution module, wherein
- the stepwise sulfidation module comprises a plurality of containers and is configured to implement a sulfidation reaction, wherein the plurality of containers are divided into a plurality of gradient stages;
- the plurality of containers are connected through main pipes and bypass pipes;
- electromagnetic valves are installed on the main pipes and the bypass pipes to open or close a corresponding pipe;
- and a flow meter for flow monitoring is provided on each of the main pipes and the bypass pipes;
- the plurality of containers in the stepwise sulfidation module comprise a raw waste acid tank for raw waste acid storage, a first-stage sulfidation tank for a first-stage treatment, a second-stage sulfidation tank for a second-stage treatment, and a third-stage sulfidation tank for a third-stage treatment;
- and the electromagnetic valves on the main pipes and the bypass pipes among the first-stage sulfidation tank, the second-stage sulfidation tank, and the third-stage sulfidation tank are opened or closed to enable stage switching or a multi-stage combination among the first-stage sulfidation tank, the second-stage sulfidation tank, and the third-stage sulfidation tank;
- the real-time monitoring module is configured to:
- allow sample collection from the plurality of containers, detect microchemical information of arsenic comprising detection and analysis of a valence state, a form, a phase state, and a concentration of the arsenic, and transmit corresponding information to the intelligent decision-making module, wherein
- the real-time monitoring module comprises an adjustable high-purity monochromatic light source, a multi-optical-path combined sample flow cell, a multi-point photodetector, and a weak signal processor;
- the multi-optical-path combined sample flow cell is connected to the plurality of containers in the stepwise sulfidation module;
- the adjustable high-purity monochromatic light source is configured to irradiate a fluid in the multi-optical-path combined sample flow cell, wherein after penetrating through the fluid, an incident light undergoes an attenuation to produce a transmitted light;
- and corresponding spectral signals are acquired through the multi-point photodetector and the weak signal processor;
- the intelligent decision-making module is configured to:
- intelligently determine whether the sulfidation reaction is allowed to occur based on a form of arsenic in the fluid determined by the real-time monitoring module;
- return the fluid to a previous procedure when the arsenic exists in a form of an anionic group and thus the sulfidation reaction fails to occur;
- allow the fluid to enter the stepwise sulfidation module when the arsenic exists in a form of a cation and thus the sulfidation reaction is allowed to occur;
- split the fluid according to an arsenic ion concentration and then allow a split fluid to enter the plurality of containers at different gradient stages;
- according to an arsenic concentration and a flow rate of inflow at each stage, calculate a total amount of the arsenic;
- and
- according to a valence state of the arsenic and a molar ratio for a chemical reaction, automatically calculate a total amount of hydrogen sulfide to be added;
- wherein the intelligent decision-making module is configured to calculate a total arsenic mass according to QAs=arsenic concentration*fluid flow rate and a total hydrogen sulfide mass according to QH2S=K*96/150*QAs, wherein the K is an excess coefficient;
- and
- the terminal execution module is configured to:
- open or close the electromagnetic valves on the main pipes and the bypass pipes based on an instruction issued by the intelligent decision-making module to achieve automatic gradient stage switching among the plurality of containers, and adjust an opening degree of a valve on a hydrogen sulfide pipe to control a total amount and a rate of hydrogen sulfide to be added to a container in a staged reaction unit.