Marine starter battery management system and method for monitoring low-temperature charging and discharging thereof

A marine starter battery management system, comprising:

• a battery management unit configured to acquire battery state parameters of a battery unit, the battery unit comprising a plurality of individual cells;
• a heating circuit configured to heat the battery unit in a low-temperature environment, wherein an output power of the heating circuit is between 50 W and 500 W;
• a high-current charging and discharging drive circuit configured to drive the battery unit for high-current charging and discharging under low-temperature and low-voltage conditions;
• a passive balancing circuit configured to dissipate energy from individual cells with higher voltages within the battery unit to balance a voltage of each of the plurality of individual cells, the passive balancing circuit comprising a plurality of heating resistors;
• a voltage spike suppression circuit configured to suppress voltage spikes at an end of a charging cycle, the voltage spike suppression circuit comprising a plurality of clamping diodes;
• a soft-start circuit configured to limit a current rise rate during startup of the battery unit;
• and
• a processing unit electrically connected to the battery management unit, the heating circuit, the high-current charging and discharging drive circuit, the passive balancing circuit, the voltage spike suppression circuit, and the soft-start circuit, the processing unit being configured to, based on the battery state parameters, control in real-time operating states and operating sequences of the heating circuit, the high-current charging and discharging drive circuit, the passive balancing circuit, the voltage spike suppression circuit, and the soft-start circuit.