Memory controller and data storage system

A data storage system, comprising:

• a memory comprising a plurality of physical cells;
• a register comprising a first parameter and a second parameter and receiving a mode command to modify the first parameter and the second parameter;
• and
• a memory controller connected to a host system, the register, and the memory,
• wherein the host system is used to perform a plurality of steps:
• obtaining state information of the physical cell in the memory according to data to be written;
• determining whether the memory meets a write condition for the data to be written according to the state information;
• and
• if the write condition is not met, transmitting the mode command to update the register to switch a default mode of the memory controller to a specified mode.