Vapor cell with meta-surfaces for electrometry

A vapor cell, comprising:

• a main glass body section comprising at least one wall surrounding a cavity, the at least one wall having at least a first interior surface having first glass structures extending at least one of into or away from the cavity;
• a top glass lid positioned on top of and attached to the main glass body section, the top glass lid having at least a second interior surface having second glass structures extending at least one of into or away from the cavity, wherein the top glass lid is bonded to the main glass body section by at least one of anodic bonding, direct bonding, or eutectic bonding;
• a bottom glass lid positioned below and attached to the main glass body section, the bottom glass lid having at least a third interior surface having third glass structures extending at least one of into or away from the cavity, wherein the bottom glass lid is bonded to the main glass body section by at least one of anodic bonding, direct bonding, or eutectic bonding;
• an Alkali reaction chamber positioned within the main glass body section;
• an Alkali reservoir positioned within the main glass body section;
• a top photonic integrated circuit (PIC) positioned above the top glass lid, the top PIC interfacing with an input coupling laser and an output probe laser, wherein the top PIC is attached to the top glass lid with optical epoxy;
• a bottom PIC positioned below the top glass lid, the bottom PIC interfacing with an input probe laser, wherein the bottom PIC is attached to the bottom glass lid with optical epoxy;
• a top glass positioned above the top PIC, the top glass including at least one top surface having fourth glass structures extending at least one of away from or toward the cavity, wherein the top glass is attached to the top PIC with optical epoxy;
• a bottom glass positioned below the bottom PIC, the bottom glass including at least one bottom surface having fifth glass structures extending at least one of away from or toward the cavity, wherein the bottom glass is attached to the bottom PIC with optical epoxy;
• wherein the main glass body section includes at least one outer surface having sixth glass structures extending at least one of away from or toward the cavity;
• and
• wherein the first glass structures, the second glass structures, the third glass structures, the fourth glass structures, the fifth glass structures, and the sixth glass structures are configured to tune an index of refraction of the vapor cell to reduce RF signal scattering within the vapor cell.

A vapor cell, comprising:

• a main glass body section comprising:
• at least a first wall surrounding a first cavity, the at least the first wall having at least a first interior surface having first glass structures extending at least one of into or away from the first cavity;
• at least a second wall surrounding a second cavity, the at least the second wall having at least a second interior surface having second glass structures extending at least one of into or away from the second cavity;
• a top glass lid positioned on top of and attached to the main glass body section, the top glass lid having at least a third interior surface having third glass structures extending at least one of into or away from the first cavity and fourth glass structures extending at least one of into or away from the second cavity, wherein the top glass lid is bonded to the main glass body section;
• a bottom glass lid positioned below and attached to the main glass body section, the bottom glass lid having at least a fourth interior surface having fifth glass structures extending at least one of into or away from the first cavity and sixth glass structures extending at least one of into or away from the second cavity, wherein the bottom glass lid is bonded to the main glass body section;
• wherein the first glass structures, the second glass structures, the third glass structures, the fourth glass structures, the fifth glass structures, and the sixth glass structures are configured to tune an index of refraction of the vapor cell to reduce RF signal scattering within the vapor cell.