Phase shifter and antenna

A phase shifter, comprising:

• a first base substrate and a second base substrate arranged opposite to each other,
• a dielectric layer between the first base substrate and the second base substrate, and
• a plurality of coupling ports, arranged at intervals on a side of the second base substrate away from the first base substrate;
• wherein
• the first base substrate comprises:
• a first substrate, and
• a ground metal layer on a side of the first substrate facing the dielectric layer;
• the second base substrate comprises:
• a second substrate, and
• an electrode structure on a side of the second substrate facing the dielectric layer;
• wherein the electrode structure comprises:
• a metal electrode layer, and
• a transparent electrode layer,
• wherein the metal electrode layer is provided with a grid pattern, the transparent electrode layer comprises a plurality of transparent conductive portions distributed in an array, and an orthographic projection of the transparent conductive portions on the first substrate does not overlap with an orthographic projection of the grid pattern of the metal electrode layer on the first substrate.