Gridded cathode apparatuses and x-ray systems

An apparatus, comprising:

• an insulating substrate;
• a first grid and a second grid, the first grid including a first conductive side and a second conductive side and the second grid including the second conductive side and a third conductive side;
• a first electron emitter disposed adjacent to the first grid;
• and
• a second electron emitter disposed adjacent to the second grid;
• wherein:
• the first conductive side, the second conductive side, and the third conductive side are coplanar.

A method, comprising:

• providing an insulating substrate including a plurality of posts;
• attaching a conductive base to the insulating substrate through a first group of the posts;
• and
• attaching a grid to the insulating substrate through a second group of the posts.