Two-dimensional generalized concatenated codes with sub-fields

A device for managing data stored in a storage device, the device comprising:

• a memory interface configured to communicate with the storage device;
• and
• at least one processor configured to:
• obtain a codeword from among a plurality of codewords stored in the storage device, wherein the codeword comprises a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns,
• generate a first transformed codeword by transforming each row of the plurality of rows, wherein the first transformed codeword comprises a plurality of first transformed rows and a plurality of first transformed columns,
• generate a second transformed codeword by transforming each column of the plurality of columns, wherein the second transformed codeword comprises a plurality of second transformed rows and a plurality of second transformed columns, and
• decode the codeword to obtain information bits corresponding to the codeword, by performing iterative decoding based on the first transformed codeword and the second transformed codeword,
• wherein after the codeword is decoded, a first plurality of syndromes calculated based on the plurality of first transformed columns is equal to a second plurality of syndromes calculated based on the plurality of second transformed rows.

A method of managing data stored in a storage device, the method comprising:

• obtaining a two-dimensional (2D) generalized concatenated code (GCC) codeword from the storage device;
• providing the codeword to a sequential decoder;
• based on detecting a first failure by the sequential decoder, updating the codeword and transposing the updated codeword to obtain a transposed codeword;
• providing the transposed codeword to the sequential decoder;
• and
• obtaining information bits corresponding to the codeword based on a result obtained by the sequential decoder.