Self-repairing multi-junction photovoltaic cell and method for self-repairing such a cell

5- A photovoltaic system comprising at least:

• a photovoltaic device according to claim 3,
• a frame provided with turning means for turning the panel,
• a converter module with MPPT regulation, and
• a regeneration module for regenerating said perovskite absorbers,
• wherein the converter module comprises means for monitoring the irradiance detected by the panel and means for monitoring weather data, means for monitoring the degradation of the perovskite absorbers and means for controlling said turning means which are configured to turn said panel over in the event of a degradation exceeding a defined threshold in those among said first or third photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber that are positioned on the sunlight side in order to position them on the shadow side and to position the others among said first and third photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber on the sunlight side, the connection device being configured to disconnect those among said first and third photovoltaic stacks that are positioned on the shadow side of the converter module and to connect it to the regeneration module.

6- The photovoltaic system according to claim 5, wherein the regeneration module comprises at least one of:

• a device for short-circuiting the electrodes of a photovoltaic stack with perovskite absorber that is connected to it,
• a device for open-circuiting the electrodes of said photovoltaic stack with perovskite absorber that is connected to it,
• a device for generating voltage pulses towards the photovoltaic stack with perovskite absorber that is connected to it,
• and comprises means for measuring the current/voltage, in darkness, of said photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber that are connected to it.

7- A method for controlling a photovoltaic system according to claim 5, comprising a sequence of:

• one or more measurements of the detected irradiance and the temperature at said at least one panel, and measurements of weather data;
• a detection of whether it is a day or night situation;
• a. if night is detected:
• i. one or more recordings and analyses of the regeneration of the first and third photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber, estimation of the time required for maximum regeneration of said stacks, and implementation of regeneration processes for said first and third photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber of said panel;
• b. if day is detected:
• i. one or more sequences comprising:
• regeneration of the shadow-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber;
• estimation of the expected performances of the sunlight-side absorber photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber;
• measurement of the degradation of the sunlight-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber relative to said expected performances;
• and estimation of the regeneration rate of the shadow-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber of said panel relative to said expected performances in order to detect a regeneration rate giving a higher performance of the shadow-side photovoltaic stacks with absorber than the performance of the sunlight-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber after degradation;
• and a detection such that:
• ii. if the regeneration of the shadow-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber corresponds to a higher performance than the performance of the sunlight-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber after degradation, said panel is turned over by controlling said turning means;
• iii. if the regeneration of the shadow-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber remains lower than the performance of the degraded sunlight-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber, the panel is maintained in its position.

11- The photovoltaic system according to claim 5, comprising a processor associated with a program memory containing a program provided with instructions configured to perform the following steps:

• a sequence of:
• one or more measurements of the detected irradiance and the temperature at said at least one panel, and measurements of weather data;
• and
• a detection of whether it is a day or night situation;
• a. if night is detected:
• i. one or more recordings and analyses of the regeneration of the first and third photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber, estimation of the time required for maximum regeneration of said stacks, and implementation of regeneration processes for said first and third photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber of said panel;
• b. if day is detected:
• i. one or more sequences comprising:
• regeneration of the shadow-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber;
• estimation of the expected performances of the sunlight-side absorber photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber;
• measurement of the degradation of the sunlight-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber relative to said expected performances;
• and estimation of the regeneration rate of the shadow-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber of said panel relative to said expected performances in order to detect a regeneration rate giving a higher performance of the shadow-side photovoltaic stacks with absorber than the performance of the sunlight-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber after degradation;
• and a detection such that:
• ii. if the regeneration of the shadow-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber corresponds to a higher performance than the performance of the sunlight-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber after degradation, said panel is turned over by controlling said turning means;
• iii. if the regeneration of the shadow-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber remains lower than the performance of the degraded sunlight-side photovoltaic stacks with perovskite absorber, the panel is maintained in its position.